Ghilman

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"These are those who are brought nigh, in gardens of delight ... upon bejewelled couches, reclining upon them, facing one another. Upon them wait immortal youths" (the Ghilman)

from the Qur'an

Along with the Houris, these are the mythical creatures who work in Heaven for the service of the Righteous.

The ghilman (sing., ghulam) were also slave-soldiers of the Ottoman devshirme system. The word ghulam refers to a male servant. It was used to refer to young men in the employ of kings and generals since Sassanian times. It was not until the break-up of the Abbasid caliphate that whole armies were made up of them and the term took on its specialised meaning of soldier, usually Turkish in origin, and fighting as cavalryman.

The ghulman seemed to have lived celibate lives. The absence of family life and offspring was one of the reasons why ghilman, dewspite their power were unable to start dynasties or proclaim their independence (the only exception being the Ghaznavid dynasty of Afghanistan which originated amongst the ghulman of the Samanid dynasty).

The ghilman are also credited with producing a strongly homosexual sub-culture which left literary traces in Persian poetry. Chroniclers also give accounts of the political connotations of their relationships, for example the ghulam Fatik who briefly governed Aleppo for the Fatimids, was murdered by his ghulam lover while he slept and the Buyid prince Bakhtiyar's infatuation with a ghulam is given as one of the reasons as why he lost his throne and his life.

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