Earl of Orkney

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Norse earls

The original Earl of Orkney was a Norse jarl controlling Orkney in the period 875-1231. When the line became extinct, the earldom of Caithness was granted to Magnus, second son of the earl of Angus, whom the king of Norway apparently confirmed in the title.

Some jarls of Orkney

Scottish earls

The title Earl of Orkney has been created several times in the Peerage of Scotland. The first grant was to Henry Sinclair in 1379. His descendant, William Sinclair, surrendered the earldom of Orkney in exchange for the earldom of Caithness.

The next Orkney title was the dukedom of Orkney, which was given to James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, husband of Queen Mary I, in 1567. Later that year, however, he forfeited the title when his wife was forced to abdicate.

The second creation of the title was for Lord Robert Stewart, an illegitimate son of King James V. His successor Patrick, however, forfeit the title.

The last creation of the earldom was in favour of the man who would become the first British Field Marshal, Lord George Hamilton, the fifth son of William Douglas, Duke of Hamilton. By marriage, the title passed to the O'Brien family, then to the Fitzmaurice family, and finally to the St John family. The present earl holds the subsidiary titles of Viscount of Kirkwall and Lord Dechmont. Both subsidiary titles were created at the same time as the earldom, in 1696.

Earls of Orkney, First Creation (1379)

Dukes of Orkney (1567)

Earls of Orkney, Second Creation (1581)

Earls of Orkney, Third Creation (1696)

Heir Apparent: his son Oliver Robert St John, Viscount Kirkwall (b. 1969)

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