County town
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A county town is the location of the administrative headquarters of a county.
In the case of Yorkshire in England, there are three county towns, one for each Riding: Northallerton for the North Riding, Beverley for the East Riding, and Wakefield for the West Riding. Contrary to popular belief, there are no civil administrative offices for the county of Yorkshire as a whole (not even in York).
Note that in Canada and the United States of America, the term county seat is usually used for the same purpose.
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List of County Towns
Traditional Counties of England
- Bedfordshire - Bedford
- Berkshire - Abingdon, then Reading
- Buckinghamshire - Aylesbury
- Cambridgeshire - Cambridge
- Cheshire - Chester
- Cornwall - Bodmin, now Truro
- Cumberland - Carlisle
- Derbyshire - Derby, now Matlock
- Devon - Exeter
- Dorset - Dorchester
- County Durham - Durham
- Essex - Chelmsford
- Gloucestershire - Gloucester
- Hampshire - Southampton, now Winchester
- Herefordshire - Hereford (now a unitary authority)
- Hertfordshire - Hertford
- Huntingdonshire - Huntingdon (now no County Council, though the District Council is still in Huntingdon)
- Kent - Maidstone
- Lancashire - Lancaster, now Preston
- Leicestershire - Leicester, now Glenfield
- Lincolnshire - Lincoln
- Middlesex - Brentford, Clerkenwell or Westminster for different functions
- Norfolk - Norwich
- Northamptonshire - Northampton
- Northumberland - Alnwick, then Newcastle upon Tyne, now Morpeth
- Nottinghamshire - Nottingham
- Oxfordshire - Oxford
- Rutland - Oakham
- Shropshire - Shrewsbury
- Somerset - Somerton, now Taunton
- Staffordshire - Stafford
- Suffolk - Ipswich
- briefly East Suffolk - Ipswich
- and West Suffolk - Bury
- Surrey - Guildford, but the County offices are currently extraterritorial at Kingston upon Thames
- Sussex - Chichester, (also Lewes)
- now East Sussex - Lewes
- and West Sussex - Chichester
- Warwickshire - Warwick
- Westmorland - Appleby (now part of Cumbria)
- Wiltshire - Trowbridge (formerly Wilton, near Salisbury)
- Worcestershire - Worcester
- Yorkshire - traditionally York, but the ridings were administered as distinct counties from an early date
- North Riding (also North Yorkshire) - Northallerton
- East Riding - Beverley
- West Riding - Wakefield
Other counties of England
Traditional counties of Scotland
- Aberdeenshire - Aberdeen
- Angus - Forfar
- Argyll - Lochgilphead
- Ayrshire - Ayr
- Banffshire - Banff
- Berwickshire - Duns (formerly Berwick-upon-Tweed)
- Bute - Rothesay
- Caithness - Wick
- Clackmannanshire - Alloa (formerly Clackmannan)
- Cromartyshire - Cromarty
- Dumfriesshire - Dumfries
- Dunbartonshire - Dumbarton
- East Lothian - Haddington
- Fife - Cupar
- Inverness-shire - Inverness
- Kincardineshire - Stonehaven
- Kinross-shire - Kinross
- Kirkcudbrightshire - Kirkcudbright
- Lanarkshire - Lanark
- Mid Lothian - Edinburgh
- Morayshire - Elgin
- Nairnshire - Nairn
- Orkney - Kirkwall
- Peeblesshire - Peebles
- Perthshire - Perth
- Renfrewshire - Renfrew
- Ross-shire - Dingwall (also the county town of Ross and Cromarty)
- Roxburghshire - Jedburgh (formerly Roxburgh)
- Selkirkshire - Selkirk
- Shetland - Lerwick
- Stirlingshire - Stirling
- Sutherland - Dornoch
- West Lothian - Linlithgow
- Wigtownshire - Wigtown
Traditional counties of Wales
- Anglesey - Llangefni (formerly Beaumaris)
- Brecknockshire - Brecon
- Caernarvonshire - Caernarfon
- Cardiganshire - Cardigan
- Carmarthenshire - Carmarthen
- Denbighshire - Denbigh (briefly Ruthin)
- Flintshire - Mold (formerly Flint)
- Glamorgan - Cardiff
- Merionethshire - Dolgellau
- Monmouthshire - Monmouth
- Montgomeryshire - Montgomery
- Pembrokeshire - Haverfordwest (formerly Pembroke)
- Radnorshire - Presteigne (formerly New Radnor)
Counties of Ireland
Counties of the Republic of Ireland
- County Carlow - Carlow
- County Cavan - Cavan
- County Clare - Ennis
- County Cork - Cork
- County Donegal - Lifford
- County of Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown - Dún Laoghaire
- County Fingal - Swords
- County Galway - Galway
- County Kerry - Tralee
- County Kildare - Naas
- County Kilkenny - Kilkenny
- County Laois - Portlaoise
- County Leitrim - Carrick-on-Shannon
- County Limerick - Limerick
- County Longford - Longford
- County Louth - Dundalk
- County Mayo - Castlebar
- County Meath - Trim
- County Monaghan - Monaghan
- County of North Tipperary - Nenagh
- County Offaly - Tullamore
- County Roscommon - Roscommon
- County Sligo - Sligo
- County of South Dublin - Tallaght
- County of South Tipperary - Clonmel
- County Waterford - Waterford
- County Westmeath - Mullingar
- County Wexford - Wexford
- County Wicklow - Wicklow
Counties of Northern Ireland
- County Antrim - Antrim
- County Armagh - Armagh
- County Derry - Derry
- County Down - Downpatrick
- County Fermanagh - Enniskillen
- County Tyrone - Omagh
Note - Despite the fact that Belfast is the capital, it is not the county town of any county as it is in two counties (Antrim and Down).
Former county towns
In 1974 the administrative boundaries of the United Kingdom were altered and in some areas (particularly Scotland and Wales) the old administrative counties were replaced by new administrative areas. The boundaries were altered again in 1996 to create Unitary Authorities and some of the traditional counties and county towns were restored for administrative purposes.
Counties of England created in 1974
- Avon - Bristol (now unitaries)
- Cleveland - Middlesbrough (now unitaries)
- Humberside - Beverley (now unitaries)
Preserved counties of Wales
Since 1996, these towns have had no administrative functions and are no longer referred to as county towns, except where they have become county towns or administrative centres of new areas e.g. Cwmbran which is the administrative centre for Torfaen and Monmouthshire, although it actually lies in Torfaen. The county towns in Glamorgan were seldom referred to as such.
- Clwyd - Mold
- Dyfed - Carmarthen
- Gwent - Cwmbran
- Gwynedd - Caernarfon
- Mid Glamorgan - Cardiff (extraterritorial)
- Powys - Llandrindod Wells
- South Glamorgan - Cardiff
- West Glamorgan - Swansea