Computer art scene
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The phrase computer art scene or artscene for short refers to a community of individuals and groups who are interested and active in the creation of computer-based artwork.
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Early computer art
In the early days of computers, what could be shown on a typical video display screen was limited to plain and simple text, such as that found in the ASCII code set. In the early 1980s computer users began to experiment with ways of forming simple pictures and designs using only the 255 characters within the Extended ASCII character set, specifically known as code page 437, created by IBM. Modems and networking technology allowed computer users to communicate with each other over bulletin board systems (BBSes); the operators of these BBSes used ASCII art to enhance the aesthetic appearance of their systems. The common user interface or video mode shared by all sytems was plain text. As a result, a "scene" of artists arose to fill the need for original art to distinguish one BBS from another.
Evolving technology
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Later, as computer technology developed, monitors were available that could display color. The American National Standards Institute X3 committee invented a standard method of terminal control using escape sequences called "ANSI X3.64-1979". This protocol allowed for text and cursor positioning as well as defining foreground and background color attributes for the text.
Eventually, text artists began incorporating this new level of flexibility to the existing medium of ASCII art by adding color to their text-based art, or animating their art by manipulating the cursor control codes. Quite simply, this is what is commonly referred to today as "ANSI art".
A decade later, the popularity of ANSI art had increased significantly (largely due to the similarly increasing interest in the BBS) and ANSI artists began to form into "groups", not unlike graffiti "crews." The first ANSI group was called Aces of ANSI Art (AAA). Other groups like ACiD (ANSI Creators in Demand) and iCE (Insane Creators Enterprises) quickly began to spring up. These groups would release their work in "artpacks," which were collections of ASCII art by various group members, typically released on a monthly basis akin to a trade magazine. These artpacks were then spread far and wide by BBS users. Some of the same groups from the 1990s still exist today; their art is now primarily distributed using the internet.
A later method of transmitting graphics over a BBS was developed called Remote Imaging Protocol or RIP, which required special software on both the BBS and the terminal end. RIP was still basically text, but the text referred to the positions of lines, curves, fills, and other steps in drawing graphics on an EGA display of 640x350x16 colors. While RIP never caught on in the BBS world, the art scene embraced it as a form of expression, if not a viable method of displaying art on a BBS.
VGA to present day
Early VGA graphics were "high resolution" images, generally using an 8-bit color depth and a resolution of 320x200 or 640x480, or a hacked Mode X video graphics mode such as 360x480 in 256 colors. VGA was not intended to be displayed via a BBS and the vast majority of the early works in the IBM PC artscene were distributed as coded executables called "loaders" or "intros" rather than raw images. In fact, it was considered to be "lame" to release an uncoded VGA work of art from the early to mid 90s, a sure indication that your group was not skilled enough to retain a worthy programmer.
The advent of custom image viewers developed by groups within the artscene, such as ACiD View and iCEView, began to shift the perception of how VGA art should be distributed and what the accepted practice should be. A coded VGA which did not take any of the advantages of being an executable, like special effects or music, became viewed as an impractical use of disk space -- all of this in turn spawned a number of competing image viewers, and even "Viewer Wars" between rival art groups. Talented underground artists such as CatBones continued to help pioneer and define what is now referred to as the "hirez artscene", further championing the move away from coded VGA to stand-alone imagery with his impressive artwork. Hirez today indicates higher resolutions than before, such as 1024x768 and greater depth of color and is created with much more sophisticated and modern software.
Artscene lexicon
- Colly - A collection of ASCII art compiled in a single text file.
- Compo - A competitive event which can take place at a demoparty or on-line.
- Rip - Artwork created in the RIPscrip format or acts of plagiarism.
- Scroller - An ANSI artwork which is longer than 25 lines is called a "scroller" because it scrolls down the screen on an MS DOS machine as it is being displayed.
- Stylerip - To borrow someone elses artistic style.
See also
Further reading
- Danet, Brenda (2001). Cyberpl@y: Communicating Online. Berg Publishers. ISBN 1859734243.
External links
- darkdomain.org (http://www.darkdomain.org), Dark Domain (2004). An archive on DVD which hosts a complete complete collection of underground artscene works between 1987-2003. Published by ACiD Productions. ISBN 0974653705.
- artscene.textfiles.com, The artscene branch of the textfiles.com library.
- Downmix (http://www.downmix.com) Current computer art scene news and releases