Colorado
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| State nickname: The Centennial State | |||||
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| Other U.S. States | |||||
| Capital | Denver | ||||
| Largest city | Denver | ||||
| Governor | Bill Owens | ||||
| Official languages | English | ||||
| Area | 269,837 km² (8th) | ||||
| - Land | 268,879 km² | ||||
| - Water | 962 km² (0.36%) | ||||
| Population (2000) | |||||
| - Population | 4,301,261 (24th) | ||||
| - Density | 16.01 /km² (37th) | ||||
| Admission into Union | |||||
| - Date | August 1, 1876 | ||||
| - Order | 38th | ||||
| Time zone | Mountain: UTC-7/DST-6 | ||||
| Latitude | 37?N to 41?N | ||||
| Longitude | 102?W to 109?W | ||||
| Width | 451 km | ||||
| Length | 612 km | ||||
| Elevation | |||||
| - Highest | 4,399 m | ||||
| - Mean | 2,073 m | ||||
| - Lowest | 1,021 m | ||||
| Abbreviations | |||||
| - USPS | CO | ||||
| - ISO 3166-2 | US-CO | ||||
| Web site | www.colorado.gov | ||||
| Folk dance | Square dance |
| Gemstone | Aquamarine |
| Mineral | Rhodochrosite |
| Rock | Yule marble |
| Grass | Blue grama |
| Tartan | to be added |
Colorado is a state in the western United States. Colorado is best known as the home of the highest peaks of the Rocky Mountains, which dominate the western half of the state; eastern Colorado is largely plains. The state capital and largest city is Denver, Colorado; the Denver metropolitan area contains over half of the state's population (2.5 million out of 4.3 million). The state is named for the Colorado River, which takes its name from the Spanish word "colorado" which means "reddish colored".
The U.S. Post Office abbreviation for the state is CO. USS Colorado was named in honor of this state.
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History of Colorado
The territory which ultimately became Colorado was added to the United States by the 1803 Louisiana Purchase and the 1848 Mexican Cession. The Colorado Gold Rush of 1859 (see also Fifty-Niner) brought large numbers of settlers to the Denver area, although the population collapsed following an initial mining boom. The Colorado Territory was organized as a United States territory on February 28, 1861 and Colorado attained statehood in 1876 (earning it the moniker the "Centennial State"). Colorado women were granted the right to vote starting on November 7, 1893.
See: History of Colorado
Law and government
Colorado_state_capitol.jpg
Like the majority of the states, Colorado's current constitution provides for three branches of government: the legislative, executive and judicial branches. The legislative body is the General Assembly made up of two houses, the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives has 65 members and the Senate has 35. Currently, Democrats are in control of both chambers of the General Assembly. The 2005 Colorado General Assembly is the first to be controlled by the Democrats in forty years.
The governor heads the state's executive branch. The current governor of Colorado is Bill Owens (Republican). See: List of Colorado Governors
Geography
See: List of Colorado counties, List of Colorado rivers
East of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains are the Colorado Eastern Plains, the section of the Great Plains within Colorado at elevations ranging from 3500 to 7000 ft (1,000 to 2,000 m). Kansas and Nebraska border Colorado to the east. The plains are sparsely settled with most population along the South Platte and the Arkansas rivers and the I-70 corridor. Rainfall is meager, averaging about 15 in/year (380 mm/year). There is some irrigated farming, but much of the land is used for dryland farming or ranching. Winter wheat is a typical crop and most small towns in the region boast both a water tower and a grain elevator.
The major cities and towns lie just east of the Front Range, in the I-25 corridor. The majority of the population of Colorado lives in this densely urbanized strip.
To the west lies the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains with notable peaks such as Long's Peak, Mount Evans, Pike's Peak, and the Spanish Peaks near Walsenburg in the south. This area drains to the east, is forested, and is partially urbanized. With urbanization, utilization of the forest for timbering and grazing was retarded which resulted in accumulation of fuel. During the drought of 2002 devastating forest fires swept this area.
To the west of the Front Range lies the continental divide. To the west of the continental divide is the Western Slope. Water west of the continental divide drains into the Pacific Ocean via the Colorado River.
Colorado.gif
Within the interior of the Rocky Mountains there are several large parks or high broad basins. In the north, on the east side of the continental divide is North Park. North Park is drained by the North Platte River which flows north into Wyoming. Just south, but on the west side of the continental divide is Middle Park, drained by the Colorado River. South Park is the headwaters of the South Platte River. To the South lies the San Luis Valley, the headwaters of the Rio Grande which drains into New Mexico. Across the Sangre de Christo Range to the east of the San Luis Valley lies the Wet Mountain Valley. These basins, particularly the San Luis Valley, lie along the Rio Grande Rift, a major geological formation, and its branches. See Great Rift Valley.
The Rocky Mountains within Colorado contain 52 peaks over 14,000 ft (4,270 m), known as fourteeners. The mountains are timbered with conifers and aspen to the tree-line, at an elevation of about 12,000 ft (4,000 m) in southern Colorado to about 10,500 ft (3,200 m) in northern Colorado; above this only alpine vegetation grows. The Rockies are snow-covered only in the winter; most snow melts by mid August with the exception of a few small glaciers. The Colorado Mineral Belt stretching from the San Juan Mountains in the southwest to Boulder and Central City on the front range contains most of the historic gold and silver mining districts of Colorado.
The Western Slope is generally drained by the Colorado River and its tributaries. Notable to the South are the San Juan Mountains an extremely rugged mountain range and to the west of the San Juans, the Colorado Plateau a high desert bordering Southern Utah. Grand Junction is the largest city on the Western Slope. Grand Junction is served by Interstate Highway I-70. To the southeast of Grand Junction is Grand Mesa, a large flat-topped mountain. Further east lie the ski resorts of Aspen, Vail, Crested Butte, and Steamboat Springs. The northwestern corner of Colorado bordering Northern Utah and Western Wyoming is mostly sparsely populated rangeland.
From west to east, the state consists of desert-like basins, turning into plateaus, then alpine mountains, and then the grasslands of the Great Plains. Mount Elbert is the highest peak in the Rocky Mountains within the continental United States. The famous Pike's Peak is just west of Colorado Springs. Its lone peak is visible from near the Kansas border on clear days.
Colorado tourism and recreation
National parks
- Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park
- Mesa Verde National Park
- Rocky Mountain National Park
- Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve
National monuments
- Colorado National Monument
- Dinosaur National Monument
- Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument
- Hovenweep National Monument
- Canyons of the Ancients National Monument
National recreational areas
National forests
- Arapaho National Forest
- Grand Mesa National Forest
- Gunnison National Forest
- Pike National Forest
- Rio Grande National Forest
- Roosevelt National Forest
- Routt National Forest
- San Isabel National Forest
- San Juan National Forest
- Uncompahgre National Forest
- White River National Forest
National grasslands
Wilderness areas
- Collegiate Peaks Wilderness Area
- Flat Top Wilderness Area
- Great Sand Dunes National Monument and Wilderness Area
- Hunter-Fryingpan Wilderness Area
- La Garita Wilderness Area
- Lizard Head Wilderness Area
- Lost Creek Wilderness Area
- Maroon Bells Snowmass Wilderness Area
- Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area
- Rawah Wilderness Area
- Sangre de Cristo Wilderness Area
- Weminuche Wilderness Area
- West Elk Wilderness Area
Economy
The state's economy broadened when irrigated agriculture developed, and by the late 19th century livestock raising had become important. Early industry was based on the processing of minerals and agricultural products. Current agricultural products are cattle, wheat, dairy products, corn, and hay.
In the second half of the 20th century the industrial and service sectors have expanded greatly. The state's economy is diversified and is notable for its concentration of scientific research and high-technology industries. Other industries include food processing, transportation equipment, machinery, chemical products, minerals such as gold and tourism. Denver is an important financial center.
The Bureau of Economic Analysis (http://www.bea.gov/) estimates that the total state product in 2003 was $187 billion. Per capital personal income in 2003 was $34,561, putting Colorado 8th in the nation.
Demographics
50.4% of the population is male, and 49.1% is female.
| Racial/Ethnic Makeup | ||
| White persons | 3,561,444 | 82.8% |
| Black or African American persons | 163,448 | 3.8% |
| American Indian and Alaska Native persons | 43,013 | 1.0% |
| Asian persons | 120,779 | 2.2% |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander persons | 4,301 | 0.1% |
| Persons reporting some other race | 309,691 | 7.2% |
| Persons reporting two or more races | 120,435 | 2.8% |
| Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin | 735,516 | 17.1% |
| White persons, not of Hispanic/Latino origin | 3,204,439 | 74.5% |
| Race is alone or in combination with one or more other races listed. The six numbers may add to more than the total population and the six percentages may add to more than 100 percent because individuals may report more than one race. | ||
| Source: U.S. Census Bureau (http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/08000.htm) | ||
Important cities and towns
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Population < 10,000
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25 Richest Places in Colorado
Ranked by per capita income
1 Cherry Hills Village, Colorado $99,996
2 Genesee, Colorado $79,180
3 Columbine Valley, Colorado $71,758
4 Castle Pines, Colorado $70,456
5 Greenwood Village, Colorado $69,189
6 Bonanza, Colorado $66,857
7 Bow Mar, Colorado $53,558
8 Heritage Hills, Colorado $50,041
9 Perry Park, Colorado $47,574
10 Lone Tree, Colorado $46,287
11 Meridian, Colorado $46,031
12 The Pinery, Colorado $43,065
13 Eldorado Springs, Colorado $42,908
14 Vail, Colorado $42,390
15 Foxfield, Colorado $40,970
16 Aspen, Colorado $40,680
17 Niwot, Colorado $39,943
18 Mountain Village, Colorado $39,920
19 Edwards, Colorado $39,784
20 Pitkin, Colorado $39,182
21 Telluride, Colorado $38,832
22 Woodmoor, Colorado $38,758
23 Castlewood, Colorado $37,891
24 Vona, Colorado $37,802
25 Eagle-Vail, Colorado $37,260
See complete list of Colorado places
Education
Colleges and universities
Professional sports teams
Major highways
Clip Art and Pictures
- Free Clipart (http://classroomclipart.com)
State Maps
- US State Maps (http://classroomclipart.com/cgi-bin/kids/imageFolio.cgi?direct=Clipart/US_State_Maps)
State Flags
- US State Flags (http://classroomclipart.com/cgi-bin/kids/imageFolio.cgi?direct=Clipart/State_Flags)
Lesson Plans, Resources and Activites
- Colorado Lesson Plans (http://lessonplancentral.com/lessons/Social_Studies/State_Facts/Colorado/index.htm)
Further reading
- Explore Colorado, A Naturalist's Handbook, The Denver Museum of Natural History and Westcliff Publishers, 1995, ISBN 1-56579-124-X for an excellent guide to the ecological regions of Colorado.
- The Archeology of Colorado, Revised Edition, E. Steve Cassells, Johnson Books, Boulder, Colorado, 1997, trade paperback, ISBN 1-55566-193-9.
- Chokecherry Places, Essays from the High Plains, Merrill Gilfillan, Johnson Press, Boulder, Colorado, trade paperback, ISBN 1-55566-227-7.
- The Tie That Binds, Kent Haruf, 1984, hardcover, ISBN 0030719798, a fictional account of farming in Colorado.
- Railroads of Colorado: Your Guide to Colorado's Historic Trains and Railway Sites, Claude Wiatrowski, Voyageur Press, 2002, hardcover, 160 pages, ISBN 0-89658-591-3
External links
- The Official Colorado State Website (http://www.colorado.gov/)
- Official tourism Website (http://www.colorado.com/)
- Photos of Colorado - Terra Galleria (http://www.terragalleria.com/america/south-west/colorado/)
- Colorado place names (http://www.rootsweb.com/~coyuma/city/index.html)
- Colorado Newspapers (http://www.usnewspapers.org/state/colorado)
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