Ceremonial counties of England
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The Ceremonial counties of England are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government with reference to administrative counties of England. They are also often used in a geographic reference frame, and in this capacity are sometimes called geographic counties.
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History
After the 1888 establishment of county councils and county boroughs, the Lieutenancy was reformed from its earlier basis (based in large part on the traditional counties, although there were differences, as for example Bristol had had a Lord-Lieutenant for centuries). The reformed system was based on using the administrative counties and county boroughs as building blocks to create areas similar to the traditional counties. So for example, the ceremonial county of Leicestershire was composed of the administrative county of Leicestershire, and the county borough of Leicester. Areas that were subdivided, (such as East Suffolk and West Suffolk) were retained as a single ceremonial county, (Suffolk).
The distinction between these counties and the ones used for lieutenancy before 1888 is usually subtle; but can be noted in the encroachment of towns across county borders. For example, Caversham, traditionally in Oxfordshire, was made part of the county borough of Reading in 1911. It thus became associated with Berkshire for lieutenancy. The only major difference was the existence of the County of London.
These ceremonial counties are the basis of many maps produced in the early 20th century.
Apart from minor boundary revisions, these areas were left largely untouched until the 1965 creation of Greater London, which resulted in the abolition of the office of Lord-Lieutenant of Middlesex. However, the creation of the administrative county of Huntingdon and Peterborough, did not result in a corresponding change to the Lieutenancy areas.
In 1974, county boroughs were abolished, and a major reform of the administrative counties took place. At this time, Lieutenancy was redefined to use the new counties directly.
Following the 1990s local government reforms, Avon, Cleveland, Hereford and Worcester, and Humberside were abolished. This led to a resurrection of a distinction between administrative counties and the ceremonial or geographic counties used for Lieutenancy.
Avon was mostly split between Gloucestershire and Somerset, with Bristol regaining its status of a county of itself. Cleveland was partitioned between North Yorkshire and County Durham. Hereford and Worcester was split into Herefordshire and Worcestershire. Humberside was split between a new ceremonial county of East Riding of Yorkshire, with the remaining parts going to Lincolnshire. Also at this time, Rutland was restored as a ceremonial county.
It is worthy of note that Cornwall is the only 'county' in which there exists a large minority who claim that Cornwall is quite incorrectly considered a ceremonial county of England and should instead be referred to as a Duchy and one of the home nations of the UK (see the constitutional status of Cornwall).
Most ceremonial counties are therefore defined today as groups of local authority areas; the same situation as prevailed between 1888 and 1974.
Definition
- Bedfordshire, including Luton
- Berkshire
- Bristol
- Buckinghamshire, including Milton Keynes
- Cambridgeshire, including Peterborough
- Cheshire, including Halton and Warrington
- City of London
- Cornwall, including Isles of Scilly
- Cumbria
- Derbyshire, including Derby
- Devon, including Plymouth and Torbay
- Dorset, including Bournemouth and Poole
- Durham, including Darlington, Hartlepool, and Stockton-on-Tees north of the river
- East Riding of Yorkshire, including Kingston-upon-Hull
- East Sussex, including Brighton and Hove
- Essex, including Southend-on-Sea and Thurrock
- Gloucestershire, including South Gloucestershire
- Greater London, excluding the City of London
- Greater Manchester
- Hampshire, including Southampton and Portsmouth
- Herefordshire
- Hertfordshire
- Isle of Wight
- Kent, including Medway
- Lancashire, including Blackburn with Darwen, and Blackpool
- Leicestershire, including Leicester
- Lincolnshire, including North Lincolnshire, and North East Lincolnshire
- Merseyside
- Norfolk
- North Yorkshire, including York, Middlesbrough, Redcar and Cleveland, and Stockton-on-Tees south of the river
- Northamptonshire
- Northumberland
- Oxfordshire
- Rutland
- Shropshire, including Telford and Wrekin
- Somerset, including Bath and North East Somerset and North Somerset
- South Yorkshire
- Staffordshire, including Stoke-on-Trent
- Suffolk
- Surrey
- Tyne and Wear
- Warwickshire
- West Midlands
- West Sussex
- West Yorkshire
- Wiltshire, including Swindon
- Worcestershire
See also
- List of Ceremonial counties of England by Area
- List of Ceremonial counties of England by Population
- Ceremonial counties of Wales
- Lieutenancy areas of Scotland
- Administrative counties of England
- Traditional counties of England
- UK topics
External link
- Lieutenancies Act 1997 (http://www.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts1997/1997023.htm)
| United Kingdom | England | Ceremonial counties of England | 
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Bedfordshire | Berkshire | City of Bristol | Buckinghamshire | Cambridgeshire | Cheshire | Cornwall | Cumbria | Derbyshire | Devon | Dorset | Durham | East Riding of Yorkshire | East Sussex | Essex | Gloucestershire | Greater London | Greater Manchester | Hampshire | Herefordshire | Hertfordshire | Isle of Wight | Kent | Lancashire | Leicestershire | Lincolnshire | City of London | Merseyside | Norfolk | Northamptonshire | Northumberland | North Yorkshire | Nottinghamshire | Oxfordshire | Rutland | Shropshire | Somerset | South Yorkshire | Staffordshire | Suffolk | Surrey | Tyne and Wear | Warwickshire | West Midlands | West Sussex | West Yorkshire | Wiltshire | Worcestershire |
es:Condados de Inglaterra ja:イングランドの州 no:Seremonielt grevskap (England)