Andante Favori
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The Andante Favori is a work for piano solo by Ludwig van Beethoven. In catalogues of Beethoven's works, it is designated as WoO 57.
Composition and reception
The Andante Favori was written in 1803, and published 1805. It was originally intended to be the second of the three movements of Beethoven's "Waldstein" piano sonata, Opus 53. The following extract from Thayer's Beethoven biography explains the change
- Ries reports (Notizen, p.101) that a friend of Beethoven's said to him that the Sonata was too long, for which he was terribly taken to task by the composer. But after quiet reflection Beethoven was convinced of the correctness of the criticism. The Andante ... was therefore excluded and in its place supplied the interesting Introduction to the Rondo which it now has. A year after the publication of the Sonata, the Andante also appeared separately.
Many listeners today would agree that Beethoven's decision was a good one--the slow introduction that replaced the Andante tightened the sonata and made it more dramatic, while the Andante Favori stands well as a work on its own.
The reason for the title was given by Beethoven's pupil Czerny, quoted in Thayer: "Because of its popularity (for Beethoven played it frequently in society) he gave it the title Andante favori" ("favored Andante").
The music
The Andante Favori is in F major (the subdominant of the "Waldstein" key), in 3/8 time, and is marked Andante grazioso con moto. Formally, the work is a rondo, with each return of the theme appearing in varied form. The theme itself is fairly extended and in ternary form. The work takes about nine minutes to play.
An anonymous commentator (https://www.cedillerecords.org/074.html) has described the Andante as "beautifully developed ... full of kindness, simplicity, and wisdom."
Adaptations in popular culture
The makers of the 1995 BBC adaptation of Jane Austen's novel Pride and Prejudice used the Andante Favori as the musical content of a concocted scene in which Elizabeth Bennett and Fitzwilliam Darcy exchange tender glances while his sister Georgiana plays the Andante on the fortepiano. The action of the scene is cleverly timed to match two very noticeable modulations in the music, from F to D flat major and then back again.