Alfred Sauvy
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Alfred Sauvy (1898-1990) was a demographer, anthropologist and historian of the French economy. Sauvy coined the term Third World (Tiers Monde) in reference to the underdeveloped countries in an article published in the French magazine L'Observateur on August 14, 1952. At the end of the article Sauvy said:
- "...car enfin, ce Tiers Monde ignoré, exploité, méprisé comme le Tiers Etat, veut lui aussi, être quelque chose"
- "...because at the end this ignored, exploited, scorned Third World like the Third Estate, wants to become something too".
In using the expression Third World here he was paraphrasing Sieyès's famous sentence about the Third State during the French Revolution. Sauvy assimilated then the capitalist First world to the nobility and the communist Second World to the clergy.
Biography
Born in Villeneuve de la Raho (Eastern Pyrenean) and educated at the École Polytechnique, Alfred Sauvy worked at the Statistique Générale of France until 1937. In 1938, Paul Reynaud called him to deal with economical issues until the war arrived in 1939. During the occupation Sauvy participated in the edition of the Bulletin Rouge-Brique, a non-censored pamphlet. After the war, de Gaulle named him as the General Secretary to the Family and the Population but Sauvy decided to turn itself towards demography. He became director of the INED (National Institute of Demographic Studies) and simultaneously represented France to the commission of Statistics and Population of the United Nations. He wrote for Le Monde until his decease in October 1990.
His work
- 1943 La prévision économique -- Paris : PUF, 128 p. (Que sais-je? n° 112)
- 1944 Richesse et population -- Paris : Payot, 327 p.
- 1949 Le pouvoir et l'opinion -- Paris : Payot, 188 p.
- 1952-1954 Théorie générale de la population (2 vol.) -- Paris : PUF, 370 p. et 397 p.
- 1956 La bureaucratie -- Paris : PUF, 128 p. (Que sais-je? n°712)
- 1957 La nature sociale -- Paris : Librairie Armand Colin, 302 p.
- 1958 De Malthus à Mao-Tsé-Toung -- Paris : Denoël, 303 p.
- 1959 La montée des jeunes -- Paris : Calmann-Lévy, 264 p.
- 1963 Malthus et les deux Marx -- Paris : Denoël, 367 p.
- 1965 Histoire économique de la France entre les deux guerres (3 vol.) -- Paris : Fayard, 566 p., 627 p. et 467 p.
- 1965 Mythologie de notre temps -- Paris : Payot, 300 p.
- 1970 La révolte des jeunes -- Paris : Calmann-Lévy, 272 p.
- 1973 Croissance zéro? -- Paris : Calmann-Lévy, 331 p.
- 1976 L'Economie du diable. Chômage et inflation -- Paris : Calmann-Lévy, 247 p.
- 1976 Eléments de démographie -- Paris : PUF, 393 p. (Collection Thémis -Sciences sociales)
- 1977 Coût et valeur de la vie humaine -- Paris : Hermann, 210 p.
- 1980 La machine et le chômage : les progrès techniques et l'emploi -- Paris : Dunod/Bordas, 320 p.
- 1984 Le travail noir et l'économie de demain -- Paris : Calmann-Lévy, 304 p.
- 1985 De la rumeur à l'histoire -- Paris : Dunod, 304 p.
- 1990 La terre et les hommes : le monde où il va, le monde d'où il vient -- Paris : Economica, 187 p.
References
- Martínez Coll, Juan Carlos (2001): Grandes Economistas, [1] (http://www.eumed.net/cursecon/economistas/) February 22, 2004fr:Alfred Sauvy