1972

1972 was a leap year that started on a Saturday.

Years: 1969 1970 1971 - 1972(MCMLXXII) - 1973 1974 1975
Decades: 1940s 1950s 1960s - 1970s - 1980s 1990s 2000s
Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century Template:C20YearInTopic

Events

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January

January 2 - the Pierre Hotel Heist - Six men rob the safety deposit boxes of the Pierre Hotel in New York City. Loot is at least $4 million
January 4 - Rose Heilbron becomes the first woman judge at the Old Bailey in London.
January 5 - President of the United States Richard Nixon orders the development of a space shuttle program.
January 4 - Kurt Waldheim becomes the Secretary General of the United Nations.
January 7 - Iberian Airlines passenger planes crashes into 800' peak on island of Ibiza - 104 dead
January 9 - Howard Hughes speaks by telephone to denounce Clifford Irving's supposed biography about him
January 9 - RMS Queen Elizabeth is destroyed by fire (Hong Kong harbor).
January 11 – East Pakistan becomes independent with the name Bangladesh
January 14 - King Frederick IX of Denmark dies - his daughter Queen Margaret II of Denmark ascends to the throne at January 16.
January 22 - Denmark, Ireland and United Kingdom join the EEC
January 23-24 – Entire Istanbul under house arrest for 24 hours
January 24 - Japanese soldier Shoichi Yokoi discovered in Guam. He had spent 28 years in the jungle.
January 25 - Shirley Chisholm, the first African American woman elected to US Congress, announces her candidacy for US president
January 26 - Yugoslavian air stewardress Vesna Vulovic is the only survivor when her plane crashes in Czechoslovakia.
January 28 - In French television Richard Chanfray claims he is Count of St Germain
January 30 - Bloody Sunday - the British Army kills 13 unarmed Roman Catholic civil rights marchers in Derry, Ireland.
January 30 - Pakistan withdraws from the British Commonwealth.
January 31 King Mahendra of Nepal dies, becoming the second king to die that month, and is succeeded by his son, Birendra.

February

February 1 - First scientific hand-held calculator (HP-35) introduced (price $395).
February 2 - Bomb explodes in British Yacht Club in West Berlin. Only casualty is Irwin Beelitz, German boat builder. Movement 2 June announces it is in support of Irish Republican Army
February 2 - Anti-British riots throughout Ireland take place. The British Embassy in Dublin is burned to the ground as are several British owned businesses.
February 3 - Sapporo Winter Olympics begin.
February 4 - Mariner 9 sends pictures from Mars.
February 5 - US airlines begin mandatory inspection of passengers and baggage
February 5 - Bob Douglas becomes the first African American elected to the Basketball Hall of Fame.
February 9 - British government declares a state of emergency over a miners' strike
February 15 – President of Ecuador José María Velasco Ibarra deposed for the fourth time
February 15 - Phonorecords granted U.S. Federal copyright protection for the first time
February 17 - Sales of the Volkswagen Beetle model exceed those of Ford Model-T (15 million).
February 18 - The California Supreme Court invalidates the state's death penalty and commutes the sentences of all death row inmates to life in prison.
February 21 - February 27 - President Richard M. Nixon makes an unprecedented eight-day visit to the People's Republic of China and meets with Mao Zedong.
February 21 - The Soviet unmanned spaceship Luna 20 lands on the Moon.
February 22 - IRA bomb in Aldershot - 7 dead
February 23 - Angela Davis released from jail
February 23 - Lufthansa plane hijacked to Aden. Passengers are released after ransom of 16 million D-marks is agreed.
February 24 - North Vietnamese negotiators walk out of the peace talks in Paris to protest US air raids
February 25 - Terrorism: Germany gives $5 million to an Arab terrorist as ransom for the passengers and crew of a hijacked jumbo jet.
February 26 – A coal sludge spill kills 125 in Buffalo Creek
February 26 - Luna 20 comes back to Earth with a cargo of moon rocks

March

March 1 - Thai province of Yasothon created after being split off from the Ubon Ratchathani Province
March 1 – British 14-year-old schoolboy Timothy Davey is sentenced in Turkey for "conspiring to sell cannabis"
March 1 - Club of Rome publishes report "Boundaries on the Growth"
March 2 - Launch of Pioneer 10 spacecraft.
March 2 – Jean-Bedel Bokassa becomes the president of Central African Republic
March 3 - Sculpted figures of Jefferson Davis, Robert E Lee, and Stonewall Jackson completed at Stone Mountain, Georgia
March 4 – Libya and Soviet Union sign a cooperation treaty
March 5 - Greek composer Mikis Theodorakis leaves the Greek Communist Party.
March 13 - The United Kingdom and People's Republic of China elevate diplomatic exchanges to the ambassadorial level after 22 years
March 13 - Clifford Irving admits to a New York court that he had fabricated Howard Hughes "autobiography"
March 16 – The first building of the Pruitt-Igoe housing development is destroyed.
March 19 - India and Bangladesh sign a friendship treaty.
March 24 - To prevent further unionist misrule, Britain takes over direct rule of Northern Ireland.
March 26 – 19 climbers of Mount Fuji die in an avalanche
March 30 - Vietnam War: The Eastertide Offensive begins after North Vietnamese forces cross into the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) of South Vietnam.

April

April 7 – US Mafioso Joe Gallo shot in Umberto's Clam House in Little Italy
April 10 - USA and Soviet Union join some 70 nations in signing an agreement to ban biological warfare
April 10 - A 7.0 Richter scale earthquake kills 1/5 of the population of Iranian province of Fars
April 16 - Apollo 16 launched.
April 16 - Vietnam War: Nguyen Hue Offensive – Prompted by the North Vietnamese offensive, the United States resumes bombing of Hanoi and Haiphong.
April 18 - Roland Corporation founded in Osaka.
April 22 - Sylvia Cook and John Fairfax have rowed across the Pacific
April 27 - Constructive Vote of No Confidence against German Chancellor Willy Brandt fails under obscure circumstances.
April 29 - The fourth anniversary of the Broadway musical Hair is celebrated with a free concert at a Central Park bandshell, followed by dinner at the Four Seasons. There, thirteen Black Panther protesters and the show's co-author, Jim Rado, are arrested for disturbing the peace and marijuana use.

May

May 5 – Alitalia DC-8 crashes west of Palermo, Sicily – 115 dead
May 13 – Fire in a nightclub atop the Sennichi department store in Osaka, Japan – 115 dead
May 15 - Governor George Wallace of Alabama is shot by Arthur Herman Bremer at a Laurel, Md., political rally.
May 17 - The closing notice is posted for the Broadway musical Hair.
May 18 - Four troopers of both SAS and SBS are parachuted onto the HMS Queen Elizabeth II, 1000 miles off Britain in the Atlantic, after a bomb threat and demand for ransom. It turns out to be bogus
May 19 - Three out of six bombs explode in the Springer Press building in Hamburg, Germany - 17 injured. Red Army Faction takes the responsibility
May 21 - In Rome, Laszlo Toth attacks Michelangelo's Pieta-statue with a hammer.
May 22 - Ceylon becomes Republic of Sri Lanka under prime minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike when its new constitution is ratified
May 24 - RAF bomb explodes in a Campbell Barracks of the US Army Supreme European Command in Heidelberg. Two US soldiers dead
May 26 - Richard Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev sign SALT I treaty in Moscow (including Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty; also other agreements were made).
May 26 - Willandra National Park is established in Australia.
May 30 - The Angry Brigade goes on trial
May 30 – 3 members of Japanese Red Army kill 24 and injure 100 in Lod Airport, Israel.

June

June - Iraq nationalizes the Iraq Petroleum Company
June 2 - Andreas Baader, Jan-Carl Raspe, Holger Meins and some other members of Red Army Faction are arrested in Frankfurt am Main after a shootout.
June 3 – Sally Priesand becomes the first female US rabbi
June 4 - Angela Davis found not guilty of murder.
June 14 - June 23 - Hurricane Agnes kills 117 in US east coast.
June 15 - Ulrike Meinhof and Gerhard Müller of Red Army Faction are arrested in a teacher's apartment in Langenhagen, West Germany.
June 17 - Watergate scandal: Five White House operatives are arrested for burglarizing the offices of the Democratic National Committee
June 17 - Return of Okinawa from United States' control to Japan
June 17 - Chilean president Salvador Allende forms a new government
June 23 - Watergate Scandal: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and White House chief of staff H. R. Haldeman are taped talking about using the Central Intelligence Agency to obstruct the Federal Bureau of Investigation's investigation into the Watergate break-ins.
June 25 – Juan Peron elected president of Argentina
June 28 - US president Nixon announces that no new draftees will be sent to Vietnam
June 29 - Supreme Court of the United States rules that the death penalty is unconstitutional.

July-August

July 1 - The Broadway production of the musical Hair closes after 1,752 performances.
July 4 – The first Rainbow Gathering held in Colorado
July 8 – US sells grain to Soviet Union for $750 million
July 10 – Stampede of elephants kills 24 in the Chandka Forest in India
July 15 – Pruitt-Igoe housing development is demolished
July 18 – Anwar Sadat expels 20.000 soviet advisors from Egypt
July 21 - Bloody Friday, 22 bombs explode in Belfast, Ireland. 9 people were killed and a further 130 seriously injured.
July 23 - The United States launches Landsat 1, first Earth-resources satellite
July 25 – US Health officials admit that blacks were used as guinea pigs in a syphilis experiment
July 29 – National dock strike begins in Britain
August 4 - Arthur Bremer jailed for 63 years for shooting George Wallace
August 4 - Idi Amin declares that Uganda will expel 50.000 Asians with British passports to Britain within three months.
August 11-12 – Last US ground troops withdrawn from Vietnam
August 16 - The Royal Moroccan Air Force mistakenly fires upon, but fails to bring down, Hassan II of Morocco's plane while he was traveling back to Rabat
August 23 - R.J (Dick) Hamer replaces Henry Boltie As Victorian Premier
August 28 - Prince William of Gloucester dies in an air crash

September

September 1 - Bobby Fischer defeats Boris Spassky in Reykjavík Chess match and becomes the first American chess champion (see Match of the Century).
September 5-6 - Munich Massacre: Eleven Israeli athletes at the Summer Olympic Games in Munich are killed after eight members of an Arab terrorist group Black September invade Olympic Village; five guerillas and one policeman are also killed in a failed hostage rescue
September 14 - West Germany and Poland renew diplomatic relations.
September 17 - Uganda announces that there are Tanzanian troops in its territory.
September 17 - M*A*S*H debuts on CBS.
September 19 - Parcel bomb sent to Israeli Embassy in London kills one diplomat.
September 21 - Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos issued Proclamation No. 1081 placing the entire country under martial law.
September 25 - Norwegian EC referendum, 1972 - the people of Norway reject membership
September 27 - Joint Communique of the Government of Japan and the Government of the People's Republic of China.
September 29 - Sino-Japanese relations: Japan normalized diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China.

October

October 1 - First publication reporting the production of a recombinant DNA molecule, marking the birth of modern molecular biology methodology.

Jackson, David A.; Symons, Robert H.; and Berg, Paul. (1972). Biochemical Method for Inserting New Genetic Information into DNA of Simian Virus 40: Circular SV40 DNA Molecules Containing Lambda Phage Genes and the Galactose Operon of Escherichia coli (http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/69/10/2904). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 69(10), 2904-2909.

October 2 - Denmark joins EEC. Faroe Islands stay out.
October 5 - United Reformed Church founded out of Congregational and Presbyterian Churches.
October 6 – Train crash in Saltillo, Mexico – 208 dead
October 12 - En route to her station in the Gulf of Tonkin, a racial brawl involving more than 100 sailors breaks out aboard the United States Navy aircraft carrier USS Kitty Hawk. Nearly 50 sailors are injured.
October 13 - Fairchild passenger plane transporting a rugby team crashes in Andes. They are found alive December 20 but they have had to resort to cannibalism to survive (see Andes flight disaster).
October 16 - A plane carrying US congressman Hale Boggs of Louisiana and three other men vanishes in Alaska
October 16 - Rainbow, a British television programme for children, debuts.
October 17 - Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom visits Yugoslavia.
October 25 – First female FBI agents hired
October 25 - Belgian cyclist Eddy Merckx sets a new world hour record in Mexico City.
October 29 - The Black September group hijacks a Lufthansa Boeing 727 over Turkey and demands the release of three of their comrades still held for the massacre of Israeli athletes at the Olympic games
October 30 - US President Richard Nixon approves legislation to increase Social Security spending by US$5.3 billion.

November

November 5 - Group of Amerindians occupies the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
November 7 - U.S. presidential election, 1972: Republican incumbent Richard Nixon defeats Democratic Senator George McGovern (the election had the lowest voter turnout since 1948 with only 55 percent of the electorate voting).
November 11 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The United States Army turns over the massive Long Binh military base to South Vietnam
November 14 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 1,000 (1,003.16) for the first time
November 16 - The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization adopts the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=182).
November 17 - Juan Peron returns to Argentina
November 22 - Vietnam War: The United States loses its first B-52 Stratofortress of the war
November 30 - Vietnam War: White House Press Secretary Ron Ziegler tells the press that there will be no more public announcements concerning American troop withdrawals from Vietnam due to the fact that troop levels are now down to 27,000.

December

December 2 - Gough Whitlam becomes the first Labour Party Prime Minister of Australia for 23 years. He is famously sworn in on the election night and his first action using executive power is to withdraw all Australian personnel from the Vietnam War.
December 7 – Jean McConville kidnapped by the IRA in Belfast
December 7 - Apollo 17 launched
December 7 - Imelda Marcos is stabbed and seriously wounded by an assailant; her bodyguards shoot him
December 15 – The Commonwealth of Australia ordains equal pay to women
December 21 - Germanies recognize each other
December 22 – 6.25 Richter scale earthquake in Managua, the capital of Nicaragua – over 12.000 dead. President Somoza is later accused of pocketing millions of dollars worth of foreign aid
December 22 - Australia establishes diplomatic relations with China + West Germany
December 28 - The bones of Martin Bormann identified in Berlin.
December 29 - An Eastern Air Lines Lockheed L-1011 crashes into the Everglades killing 99 of 163 onboard.

Unknown dates

Prime minister of Sweden, Olof Palme compares the American bombings of North Vietnam to Nazi massacres. The US breaks diplomatic contact with Sweden
The last major epidemic of smallpox in Europe breaks out in Yugoslavia.
The United Kingdom begin to train Special Air Service for anti-terrorist duties.
Steve Jobs graduates from Homestead High School and enrolls in Reed College in Portland, Oregon but drops out after one semester.
Kim Il Sung becomes president of North Korea.
Japanese begin building a railway tunnel between Honshu and Hokkaido.
Stephen Hawking is confined to a wheelchair.
The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms becomes independent from IRS.
The "tea house" Mellow Yellow opens on the Amstel River in Amsterdam, pioneering the legal sale of marijuana in the Netherlands.
The Aboriginal Tent Embassy founded on the lawn of Parliament House in Canberra
First women admitted to Dartmouth College
Colombian looters find Ciudad Perdida but keep it a secret until government reveals it 1975
Frank Serpico exposes corruption in New York City police
Vietnam War veteran Richard McCoy hijacks a United Airlines jet and extorts $500.000 – captured later
Yellow River dries up for the first time in known history
Somalian language gets a written form
Assassination of Zanzibar's leader Sheik Abeid Karume
Tamil United Front, pro-Tamil organization, founded
Worship of Norse gods officially approved in Iceland
Women allowed to compete in Boston Marathon
The Second Cod War between UK and Iceland
First use of the term Hadean

Year in topic

1972 in film
- The Godfather
- Cabaret
- Deliverance
1972 in literature
- The Politics of Jesus by John Howard Yoder
1972 in music
- Deep Purple releases Machine Head
1972 in rail transport
- September 27 - Commemorating the opening of Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) in the San Francisco Bay Area two weeks earlier, United States President Richard Nixon rides a BART train.
1972 in sports
- September 4 - Mark Spitz wins his seventh swimming gold medal at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany, becoming the first Olympian to win seven gold medals.
- October 1 - Peter Brock wins the first of nine victories at the Hardie Ferodo 500 motor race at Bathurst. This was also the final 500 mile race, the 1973 race being the first Bathurst 1000 kilometre race after Australia adopted the metric system.
1972 in television
- January 14 - Sanford & Son premieres on NBC.
- M*A*S*H premieres
James Herriot - All Creatures Great and Small

Births

Deaths

January-June

January 1 - Maurice Chevalier, French entertainer (surgical complications) (b. 1888)
January 8 - Kenneth Patchen, American poet and painter (b. 1911)
January 14 - King Frederick IX of Denmark (b. 1899)
January 26 - Mahalia Jackson, American singer (b. 1911)
February 11 - Jan Wils, Dutch architect (b. 1891)
February 19 - John Grierson, documentary filmmaker (b. 1898)
February 20 - Walter Winchell, American journalist (b. 1897)
February 22 - Tedd Pierce, American animator (b. 1906)
March 13 - Tony Ray-Jones, British photographer (b. 1941)
March 21 - David McCallum Sr., violinist (b. 1897)
March 24 - Cristobal Balenciaga, Spanish couturier (b. 1895)
March 27 - Sharkey Bonano, American jazz musician (b. 1904)
March 27 - M. C. Escher, Dutch graphic artist (b. 1898)
March 29 - Lord J. Arthur Rank, British industrialist and film producer (b. 1888)
April 2 - Gil Hodges, American baseball player (b. 1924)
April 3 - Ferde Grofé, American composer (b. 1882)
April 4 - Stefan Wolpe, composer (b. 1902)
April 8 - Andrea Feldman, American actress (suicide) (b. 1948)
April 16 - Yasunari Kawabata, Japnese writer (b. 1899)
May 2 - J. Edgar Hoover, American Federal Bureau of Investigation director (b. 1895)
May 13 - Dan Blocker, American actor (b. 1928)
May 22 - Cecil Day-Lewis, English poet (b. 1904)
May 22 - Margaret Rutherford, English actress (b. 1892)
May 28 - King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom (b. 1894)

July-December

July 2 - Joseph Fielding Smith, president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1876)
July 7 - King Talal, King of Jordan (b. 1909)
July 19 - Hezekiah M. Washburn, American missionary (b. 1884)
July 21 - Ralph Craig, American athlete (b. 1889)
July 28 - Helen Traubel, American soprano (b. 1903)
August 14 - Oscar Levant, American pianist and actor (b. 1906)
August 28 - His Royal Highness Prince William of Gloucester (airplane crash) (b. 1941)
September 15 - Geoffrey Fisher, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1887)
September 19 - Robert Casadesus, French pianist (b. 1899)
October 1 - Louis Leakey, British paleontologist (b. 1903)
October 20 - Harlow Shapley, American astronomer (b. 1885)
October 24 - Jackie Robinson (Baseball Hall of Famer) (b. 1919)
October 26 - Igor Sikorsky, aviation engineer (b. 1889)
November 1 - Ezra Pound, American poet (b. 1885)
November 14 - Martin Dies, Jr., American politician (b. 1900)
November 25 - Henri Coanda, Romanian aerodynamics pioneer (b. 1886)
November 28 - Havergal Brian, English composer (b. 1876)
November 28 - Princess Sibylla of Sweden (b. 1908)
December 3 - Bill Johnson, American jazz musician (b. 1872)
December 24 - Gisela Richter, English art historian (b. 1882)
December 26 - Harry S. Truman, 33rd President of the United States (heart failure} (b. 1884)
December 31 - Roberto Clemente, baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1934)

Nobel Prizes

Physics - John Bardeen, Leon Neil Cooper, John Robert Schrieffer
Chemistry - Christian B. Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, William H. Stein
Medicine - Gerald M. Edelman, Rodney R. Porter
Literature - Heinrich Böll
Peace - Not awarded.
Economics - John Hicks, Kenneth Arrow af:1972

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