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- Archaeopteryx (8771 bytes)
2: ...:Archaeopteryx-model.jpg|250px|]] | caption = A model of ''Archaeopteryx lithographica''<br/> on displ...
17: ...[The Origin of Species]]'' set off a firestorm of debate about [[evolution]] and the role of [[transit...
27: ...|200px|left|Illustration of a Archaeopteryx, provided by [http://classroomclipart.com Classroom Clipar...
28: ...tures) lineage of which eventually gave rise to modern birds.
30: ...arently earlier bird, ''[[Protoavis]]'', are considered to be unproven by most [[paleontologist]]s. - List of popes (77758 bytes)
4: ...s]], and there have been either 265 or 266 popes, depending on whether a source counts [[#Notes on num...
6: ...] of the Roman Province'' and ''[[Servus Servorum Dei|Servant of the Servants of God]].''
12: {| border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse"
29: | <small>Executed by crucifixion upside-down; feast day ([[SS Peter & Paul]]) [[29 June]]...
36: | <small>Traditionally martyred (no evidence); Feast day [[23 September]]</small> - Pope Telesphorus (1411 bytes)
1: ...he witnessed the persecution of Christians, and ended during the reign of [[Antoninus Pius]]. The Vati...
3: ...s]] venerate Telesphorus as patron saint of the order since he is claimed have lived on [[Mount Carmel...
10: Predecessor=[[Pope Sixtus I|Saint Sixtus I]]| - Compass (8275 bytes)
3: ...bility. This device greatly improved maritime trade by making travel safer and more efficient.
5: ...ariation compass''' is a specific instrument of a delicate type of construction. It is used by observi...
9: ...s in a [[4th century]] Chinese book: "Book of the Devil Valley Master"
11: ...cer magnetized a needle by rubbing its tip with lodestone, and hanged the magnetic needle with one sin...
17: ...in the Oxford [[Bodleian Library]] contains great details about the use of compass in navigation. - Sandro Botticelli (8995 bytes)
1: ...as characterized by [[Giorgio Vasari]] as a "[[golden age]]", a thought, suitably enough, he expressed...
5: ...y" (Vasari) In [[1470]] he opened his own independent ''studio''.
7: ...'[[tondo]]'' form and did many beautiful female nudes, according to Vasari. The ''Birth of Venus'' ('...
11: ...him political protection and creating conditions ideal for his production of several masterpieces.
13: ...ted it, were guilty of unidentified [[heresy]], a delicate requirement in such a subject. The heretica... - Thomas More (15893 bytes)
2: ... of the [[Church of England]], a decision which ended his political career and led to his [[capital pu...
5: ...mas would become a "marvellous man". Thomas attended the [[University of Oxford]] for two years, wher...
7: ...mself incapable of [[celibacy]], More finally decided to marry in [[1505]], but for the rest of his li...
9: ...her daughter by her previous husband. More provided his daughters with an excellent classical educat...
12: ...Emperor|Charles V]], More was knighted and made undertreasurer in [[1521]]. As secretary and personal... - William Shakespeare (28915 bytes)
4: ...ualled, due to his understanding of the range and depth of human emotions. A colossal figure in world ...
8: ...ence on the English-speaking world shows in the widespread use of [http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Shakes...
12: ...t through the study of considerable historical evidence.
14: ...haps appropriately for a playwright commonly considered to be [[England]]'s greatest, it is also the [...
17: ...an [[alderman]]. Some evidence exists that both sides of the family had [[Roman Catholic]] sympathies.... - Giordano Bruno (15356 bytes)
3: ... the cause of [[freedom of thought]] because his ideas went against church doctrine.
7: ...ook the name Giordano on becoming a [[Dominican Order|Dominican]] friar at the [[Monastery]] of Saint ...
10: ... illustration of one of Giordano Bruno's mnemonic devices: in the spandrels are the four [[classical e...
11: ...covered ideas of [[Plato]]. Other influences included [[Thomas Aquinas]], [[Averroes]], [[Duns Scotus]...
13: ...for the same reason and abandoned the Dominican order. He travelled to [[Geneva]] and briefly joined t... - Age of Enlightenment (36312 bytes)
4: ...ation in the unity of science movement which includes [[logical positivism]].
6: ...of its proponents attempted to use rationalism to demonstrate the existence of a supreme being. In thi...
8: ...rise of [[empiricism | empirical]] philosophical ideas, and their application to [[political economy]]...
10: ... and the [[Renaissance]] and [[Reformation]] preceded it (if it is thought of as a long period). Furth...
14: ...the universe where God and Nature were one. This idea became central to the Enlightenment from Newton ... - Computer (32773 bytes)
3: ...mputer program|programming]]) a computer can be made to represent some aspect of a problem or part of ...
4: The discipline which studies the theory, design, and application of computers is called '''[...
8: ...s, photons, quantum particles or any other well-understood physical phenomenon. Although computers ha...
10: .... For example, electron flows might be used to model the flow of water in a dam. Such ''[[analog sig...
12: ...is first translated into mathematical terms by rendering all relevant information into the [[binary]] ... - Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell (14006 bytes)
1: ...:Baden-powell.jpg|thumb|Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell]]
2: ...uary 8]], [[1941]]) was a soldier, writer and founder of the world [[Scouting]] movement.
5: ...y his mother, [[Henrietta Grace]], a strong woman determined her children would succeed, of whom he wo...
7: .... He also played the piano and violin, was an ambidextrous artist of some talent, and enjoyed acting. ...
11: In [[1876]], Baden-Powell joined the 13th [[Hussars]] in [[India]].... - Philosophy (30964 bytes)
1: ...a philosophical question that philosophers have understood and treated differently through the ages.
3: '''Philosophy''' can mean the academic exploration of various questions raised by phi...
5: ...assifed by time period (e.g. ancient, medieval, modern, contemporary, et al.), geography (e.g. Contine...
9: ...ature of these concepts--questions typically outside the scope of science. Several major works of pos...
11: *What is truth? How or why do we identify a statement as correct or false, and how do ... - History of astronomy (13532 bytes)
2: [[Astronomy]] is probably the oldest of the [[natural science]]s, dating back to [[a...
8: ...ers were [[priest]]s ([[Magi]]), and that their understanding of the "[[heaven]]s" was seen as "[[divi...
10: ...alendar is based on the Roman calendar, which divided the year into twelve months of alternating thirt...
14: ...ennium BC, but their contents appear to be much older.
20: ... that took the earth to spin on its axis and considered the motions of the planets with respect to the... - Hittites (17910 bytes)
1: ...ablished a kingdom centered in [[Hattusa]] (the modern village of Boğazk?n north-central [[Turkey...
3: ... Hittite polity disintegrated into several independent city-states, some of which survived until aroun...
7: ...elieved the two peoples to be the same, but this identification is still disputed.
12: ...cient [[Karum Kanesh]]), containing records of trade between Assyrian merchants and a certain "land of...
14: ...cal Hittites. Sayce's identification came to be widely accepted over the course of the early 20th cent... - Bill Clinton (59225 bytes)
1: {{Infobox President | name=William Jefferson Clinton
4: | order=42nd President
7: | preceded=[[George H. W. Bush]]
8: | succeeded=[[George W. Bush]]
11: | dead=alive - Harry S. Truman (30022 bytes)
3: {{Infobox President | name=Harry S. Truman
6: | order=33rd President
9: | preceded=[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
10: | succeeded=[[Dwight D. Eisenhower]]
13: | dead=dead - Catapult (3598 bytes)
1: ...jpg|right|thumb|300px|Replica catapult at Châ´¥au des Baux, France]]
3: ...onsidered a catapult, but the term is generally understood to mean [[medieval]] siege weapons.
5: The name is derived from the [[Greek language|Greek]] κ^...
12: ... [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] [[ballista]]. A member under tension propels the throwing arm, very much like...
14: Subsequently, [[torsion]]al catapults were developed, such as the [[mangonel]] and the [[onager... - History of India (31279 bytes)
5: ...ermanent settlements appeared 9,000 years ago and developed into the [[Indus Valley Civilization]], wh...
8: ...y]] oversaw the period referred to as India's "Golden Age".
11: ...and [[Indian philosophy|philosophy]] flourished under the patronage of these kings.
14: ...ntermission by the [[Vijayanagara Empire]], which declined with the 16th Century AD.
17: ...e [[Sanchi|Sanchi stupa]] in Sanchi, [[Madhya Pradesh]] built by emperor [[Ashoka]] in the 3rd centur... - Julius Caesar (50670 bytes)
2: ...ntroducing Roman influence into what has become modern [[France]], an accomplishment whose direct cons...
4: ...lic]] and the beginning of the [[Roman Empire]] under Caesar's grand-nephew and adopted son, [[Caesar ...
6: ...tarii'')]], and many details of his life are recorded by later historians such as [[Suetonius]], [[Plu...
9: ... who according to myth was the son of [[Venus (goddess)|Venus]]. Caesar was raised in the Subura, a lo...
15: ...7;s proscription said, "He whose life you so much desire will one day be the overthrow of the part of ... - Blimp (3839 bytes)
1: ...elium]]) inside the envelope. For a more complete description of this style of [[aircraft]], please se...
7: ...h;but there seems to be no record of any official designation of non-rigids as 'limp'. Further, accord...
17: ...se them for advertising, and as platforms to provide aerial shots of sporting events.
23: ...o, such as above an erupting volcano. Blimps are ideal as they can hover, and are less likely to be da...
25: ... [[landmine]]s are present in areas using ultra-wideband [[synthetic aperture radar]] units mounted on...
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