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- Age of Enlightenment (36312 bytes)
4: ...ation in the unity of science movement which includes [[logical positivism]].
6: ...of its proponents attempted to use rationalism to demonstrate the existence of a supreme being. In thi...
8: ...rise of [[empiricism | empirical]] philosophical ideas, and their application to [[political economy]]...
10: ... and the [[Renaissance]] and [[Reformation]] preceded it (if it is thought of as a long period). Furth...
14: ...the universe where God and Nature were one. This idea became central to the Enlightenment from Newton ... - Atlanta Braves (20715 bytes)
5: ...nal team. When the N.A. formed, Red Stockings founder [[Harry Wright]] and the best players from that ...
10: :'''Logo design:''' The script word "Braves" above a [[tomaha...
11: ...Teams in Division:''' [[Florida Marlins]], [[Philadelphia Phillies]], [[New York Mets]], [[Washington ...
20: ...games. Not only did they finish first, but they ended up 10.5 games up on the second place Giants.
21: ... league in both pitching, and hitting, and its leader, Evers, won the Chalmers Award, which is equival... - Cincinnati Reds (19835 bytes)
5: :'''Founded:''' [[1869]], [[1882]], or [[1890]], depending on the account. See below.
9: ...ogo design:''' a red "C" with the word "REDS" inside
21: ... took most of his best players to Boston, and founded the Boston Red Stockings, now known as the [[Atl...
23: ...ers. The Red Stockings wandered through the remainder of the [[1890s]] signing local stars & aging vet...
27: ===From opening of Redland Field to the Great Depression=== - Houston Astros (8294 bytes)
5: :'''Founded:''' [[1962]] ([[National League]] expansion)
10: :'''Logo design:''' Red five-pointed star with the word "Astr...
18: ...n Wilson]], [[Larry Dierker]], [[Dave Giusti]], [[Denny LeMaster]])
22: ...an is sent to the [[Texas Rangers]] in 1989, considered too old by then-owner John McMullen. After pit...
28: ...mid-season addition of [[Carlos Beltrᮝ] in a trade with the [[Kansas City Royals]] (on January 9, 20... - Oakland Athletics (34248 bytes)
5: ...in the minor [[Western League]]. Moved to [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]] in [[1900]] when that league...
6: :'''Formerly known as:''' Philadelphia Athletics ([[1901]]-[[1954]]), Kansas City A...
9: :'''Logo design:''' A stylized "A's". The team also occasio...
17: ===The Philadelphia Years (1901-1954)===
18: ...t Shibe had a ?white elephant on his hands," Mack defiantly adopted the [[white elephant]] as the team... - San Diego Padres (7131 bytes)
6: :'''Founded:''' [[1969]] ([[National League]] expansion)
10: ... outline of home plate; blue background with wave design in bottom half of home plate.
21: ...ague Baseball as one of four new expansion teams. Despite initial excitement and a new playing field a...
23: ...e pennant (after dramatically rallying from a 2-0 deficit against the [[Chicago Cubs]] in the [[Nation...
27: Despite featuring such notable players as [[Randy Jo... - Pirate Ship (44502 bytes)
1: ...rm has been used to refer to raids across land borders by non-state actors. Piracy should be distingu...
3: == Definition ==
4: ...09-04-09 |accessdate=2009-04-09 |publisher=[[Open Democracy]]}}</ref>
10: ...liament/2587/trade.html Phoenician Economy and Trade].</ref> By the 1st century BC, there were pirate ...
12: ...ued and captured the pirates, and had them put to death. - Pirate (23151 bytes)
2: A '''pirate''' is one who [[Robbery|robs]] or plunders at sea without a commission from a recognised [...
4: ...ains a significant problem (with estimated worldwide losses of $13 to $16 billion [[United_States_doll...
8: ...neer]]s'''. The word comes from ''boucan'', a wooden frame used for cooking meat (called a ''[[barbec...
10: ... known as '''kapers''' or '''vrijbuiters''' ("plunderers"), the latter combining the words ''vrij'' me...
14: ...urkish '''''Korsan''''', which seems to have been derived from the European word, which in turn comes ... - March 18 (10594 bytes)
7: ...elf [[King of Jerusalem]] during the [[Sixth Crusade]].
12: *[[1850]] - [[American Express]] is founded by [[Henry Wells]] & [[William Fargo]].
13: ...[American Civil War]]: The Congress of the [[Confederate States of America]] adjourns for the last tim...
14: ... of the [[France|French]] government [[Thiers]] orders evacuation of [[Paris]], a [[Paris_Commune|soci...
15: ...ith the [[United States]] granting exclusive [[trade|trading]] rights. - List of mathematicians (37424 bytes)
1: ...|English]] [[alphabet]]ical [[transliteration]] order (by [[surname]]).
29: *[[Alexander Anderson (mathematician)|Alexander Anderson]] (Scotland, [[1582]] - [[1620]])
30: *[[Adolf Anderssen]] (Germany, [[1818]] - [[1879]])
36: *[[Archimedes]] (Syracuse, [[287 BC|287 B.C.]] - [[212 BC|212 ...
52: *[[Claude Gaspard Bachet de M麩riac]] (France, [[1581]] - [[1638]]) - Rene Descartes (17976 bytes)
1: ...y studied from his time down to the present day. Descartes was one of the key thinkers of the Scienti...
2: ...ge-crca.jpg|thumb|400px|Rene Descartes Image provided by [http://classroomclipart.com Classroom Clip A...
4: ...heless, many elements of his philosophy have precedents in late [[Aristotelianism]], the revived [[Sto...
6: ...e invention of the [[calculus]] and [[analysis]]. Descartes's reflections on mind and mechanism began ...
11: On March 31, 1596, Descartes was born in [[La Haye en Touraine]], [[Ind... - Pierre Abelard (18114 bytes)
2: ...ory of his affair with his student, [[Heloise (student of Abelard)|Héloïse]] has become legendary.
7: ...; but whether this was in early youth, when he wandered from school to school for instruction and exer...
11: ...ster in argument, resulting in a long duel that ended in the downfall of the philosophic theory of [[R...
13: ...ialectic, he next turned to [[theology]] and attended the lectures of Anselm at [[Laon]]. His triumph ...
15: ...ery regular life, enlivened only by philosophical debate: now, at the height of his fame, he encounte... - List of philosophers (79981 bytes)
23: *[[Adelard of Bath]], (12th century){{fn|C}}
26: *[[Aedesius]], (d. 355)
27: *[[Aenesidemus]], (1st century BC){{fn|R}}
37: *[[Alain de Lille]], (c. 1128-1202)
44: *[[Alcibiades]], (c. 450-404 BC) - Islam (36809 bytes)
6: ... the word ''Islām'' and means one who "surrenders" or "submits" to God.
12: ...over the succession of authority after Muhammad's death; these are known as [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] , [[...
14: ... but God; Muhammad is the messenger of God." In order to become a Muslim, one needs to recite and beli...
26: ...life. God has given the free will to do and make decisions.)
29: ...ood and Evil are from God, and Resurrection after death be Truth. - Quran (41479 bytes)
6: ... believe they were revealed) but in a different order, roughly by size, also believed by Muslims to be...
8: == The Qur'an as divided for reading and recitation ==
10: ...into four quarters. A different structure is provided by the [[ruku'at]], semantical units resembling ...
14: ...at time. (The ''[[Mu'allaqat]]'', or ''Suspended Odes'', are believed by some to be examples of pre-Is...
16: ...ography soon became important sciences, and the model for the literary language remains to this day th... - July 24 (8660 bytes)
5: ...] - [[Mary I of Scotland|Mary Queen of Scots]] is deposed and replaced by her 1 year old son [[King Ja...
6: *[[1701]] - [[Detroit, Michigan]] founded.
7: ... [[Jacob Brown]]'s [[United States|American]] invaders.
10: ...te]] General [[Jubal Anderson Early|Jubal Early]] defeats [[United States|Union]] troops led by Genera...
13: ...blishes first account of [[Paul Bunyan]] in the [[Detroit News]]. - Martin Luther (43050 bytes)
5: ...ge_caption= Luther at age 46 (Lucas Cranach the Elder, 1529) |
8: dead=dead|
9: date_of_death=[[18 February]], [[1546]] |
10: place_of_death=Eisleben, Germany
12: ...hings inspired the [[Protestant Reformation]] and deeply influenced the [[doctrine]]s of [[Lutheran]],... - Knights Hospitaller (26158 bytes)
1: ...alta by [[Napoleon]]. The '''Sovereign Military Order of Malta''' (see below) is the main successor to...
5: ...de horses on the condition that they ride with wooden saddles and unornamented girths. Ironically, El ...
7: ... who made it to Jerusalem but the order soon extended into providing an armed escort to pilgrims. The ...
9: ...iwick]]s, which in turn were divided into [[commanderies]].
13: === Knights of Rhodes === - Alchemy (42222 bytes)
2: ...Alchemy can be regarded as the precursor of the modern science of chemistry prior to the formulation o...
4: ...|thumb|150px|left|Chemistry Clipart .Clipart provided by
8: ...] of gold and silver". The Arabic therefore could derive from a purely Greek word, not Coptic, and hav...
11: ...ormal)|magic]]. From today's perspective, their endeavours and beliefs have limited validity, but if w...
13: ... both an inner meaning referring to the spiritual development of the practitioner as well as a materia... - Calico Jack (2810 bytes)
4: ...immediately turned, engaged the French vessel and defeated it.
8: ...s infatuated by Anne and lavished much of his plunder on her. He then joined the crew of [[Captain Bur...
10: ... a respected member of the crew and fought alongside her male counterparts in numerous successful enga...
12: ...oop. The governor resolved to capture Rackham and despatched the pirate-hunter [[Captain Barnet]] who ...
14: ...deal with the governor under which he would surrender himself if [[clemency]] was given to Anne and an...
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