Wake-on-LAN
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Wake-on-LAN is a PC computer network standard which allows IT network managers to send a packet and power-on dormant machines. It is an Intel Wired for Management System product. It was developed as part of the IBM and Intel Advanced Manageability Alliance.
Wake-On-Lan is triggered by a so-called "Magic Packet (http://pages.towson.edu/aczech/magicpkt/)" (trademark of Advanced Micro Devices), which is an Ethernet packet with a defined content - usually the bytes FFFFFFFFFFFF followed sixteen repeats of the target's MAC address, possibly followed by a four or six byte password. The content can be encapsulated in any type of packet (e.g. IP, IPX). These packets can be built and sent with several tools available as freeware, for example the unix tool ether-wake (http://www.scyld.com/wakeonlan.html).
In order for a computer to support Wake-on-LAN, the motherboard must be connected to the network card via a special 3-pin cable, and Wake-on-LAN must be enabled in the Power Management section of the motherboard's BIOS. Systems with on-board network cards do not require the cable. It may also be necessary to configure the machine to leave the network card active when the rest of the system is powered down, otherwise there will be nothing to receive the magic packet.
WOR (Wake-on-Ring) or WOM (Wake-on-Modem) are similar technologies to remotely wake up a PC via a modem.de:Wake On LAN