The Eagle and Child
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The Eagle and Child is a moderately common pub name. This article refers to The Eagle and Child in St Giles Street, Oxford, England, which is particularly popular with university students who familiarly and alliteratively refer to it as the Bird and the Baby (or the Fowl and Foetus).
It has lately become the destination for literary pilgrimages because of its reputation as the haunt of the Inklings from 1939 to 1962. The Inklings was a writers' group which included J. R. R. Tolkien (of Lord of the Rings and Hobbit fame) and C. S. Lewis. They met every Tuesday morning for drinks in an area at the back of the pub known as the Rabbit Room. Contrary to popular impression (and also contrary to the plaque posted in the pub), the Inklings did not read their manuscripts to each other in the pub: these readings took place at evening meetings usually in Lewis's college rooms. The Inklings changed allegiance in 1962 by moving across St Giles to The Lamb and Flag pub, but it is the Eagle and Child's Rabbit Room that attracts visitors.
More recently, the pub became known as the regular watering hole of Colin Dexter, who created Inspector Morse.
The Rabbit Room bears a plaque which is much photographed, and there are photos and other mementos of the writers on the walls. The pub's sign shows an eagle carrying a small child in a fold of cloth suspended from a claw, which is the crest of the Earl of Derby.
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A small, narrow building, the pub reputedly served as the lodgings of the Chancellor of the Exchequer during the English Civil War (1642 - 49), when Oxford was the Royalist capital. The landmark served as a play house for the Royalist army, and pony auctions were held in the rear courtyard. These claims are inconsistent with the earliest date usually given for construction of the pub, 1650, and the fact that the pub lies outside the city walls may also give some cause for doubt.
The pub is owned by St John's College, Oxford, the second wealthiest college in England, which placed it on the market for £1.2 million in December 2003. It has been part of an endowment belonging to St John's since the 17th century. The college said it was selling the Eagle and Child to rebalance its property portfolio, and it was expected the pub would continue to trade as usual.