Sulfur dioxide

Properties

General

Name Sulfur dioxide
Chemical formula SO2
Appearance Colourless gas

Physical

Formula weight 64.1 g/mol
Melting point 198 K (-75 °C)
Boiling point 263 K (-10 °C)
Density 1400 kg/m3 (liquid)
Solubility 9.4 g in 100 g water

Thermochemistry

ΔfH0gas -296.84 kJ/mol
ΔfH0liquid ? kJ/mol
ΔfH0solid ? kJ/mol
S0gas, 100 kPa 248.21 J/(mol·K)
S0liquid, 100 kPa ? J/(mol·K)
S0solid ? J/(mol·K)

Safety

Ingestion Relatively low toxicity, may cause nausea and vomiting. Long term hazards known.
Inhalation Extreme irritation.
Skin Hazardous when cryogenic or compressed.
Eyes Hazardous when cryogenic or compressed.
More info Hazardous Chemical Database (http://ull.chemistry.uakron.edu/erd/chemicals1/8/7104.html)

SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, standard conditions were used.

Disclaimer and references

Sulfur dioxide (or sulphur dioxide) has the chemical formula SO2. The gas is irritating to the lungs and is frequently described as smelling of burning sulfur.

It is produced by volcanoes and in various industrial processes. In particular, poor-quality coal and petroleum contain sulfur compounds, and generate sulfur dioxide when burned: the gas reacts with water and atmospheric oxygen to form sulfurous acid (H2SO3) and thus acid rain.

Contents

Preparation of sulfur dioxide for chemical production

Sulfur dioxide is often prepared by burning sulfur in air:

S(s) + O2 (g) → SO2 (g)

Hydrogen sulfide from crude oil may also be burned.

H2S (g) + O2 (g) → H2 (g) + SO2 (g)

Sulfide ores such as iron pyrites and sphalerite (zinc blende) may also be used:

4 FeS2 (s) + 11 O2 (g) → 2 Fe2O3 (s) + 8 SO2 (g)

2 ZnS (s) + 3 O2 (g) → 2 ZnO (s) + 2 SO2 (g)

When anhydrous CaSO4, is heated with coke and sand in the manufacture of cement, CaSiO3, sulfur dioxide is a by-product.

2 CaSO4 (s) + 2 SiO2 (s) + C (s) → 2 CaSiO3 + 2 SO2 (g) + CO2

Flue gas desulfurisation in power stations releases SO2 for the process.

Uses

Sulfur dioxide is sometimes used as a preservative in alcoholic drinks, or dried apricots and other fruits. The preservative is used to maintain the apperance of the fruit rather than prevent rotting. This can give fruit a distinctive chemical taste. H2SO3 is also called "hydrogen sulfite" or sulfurous acid.

See also:

External links

es:Dióxido_de_azufre fr:Dioxyde de soufre it:Diossido di zolfo nl:Zwaveldioxide ja:二酸化硫黄 pl:Dwutlenek siarki ru:Диоксид серы sv:Svaveldioxid zh:二氧化硫

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