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- Cell (biology) (28190 bytes)
3: ...g cells; all vital functions of an organism occur within cells and that cells contain the [[genetics|...
5: ...[Robert Hooke]] because of the likeness he saw between [[cork (material)|cork]] cells and small rooms...
7: ==Overview==
9: ...use cells grown in a culture dish. These cells grow in large clumps but each individual cell is about...
11: ...nd reproduce as necessary. Each cell stores its own set of instructions for carrying out each of the... - Microbiology (4238 bytes)
1: ...]]s and simple [[eukaryote]]s. Today, most of the work in microbiology is done using methods from [[b...
6: ... time needed for division of a bacterial cell in two in optimal conditions; ~30 minutes for ''[[E. co...
8: ... [[prokaryote]]s by [[binary fission]]. This allows for the propagation of genetically identical ([[...
11: ...a had been exposed to the virus. <!-- can someone write this more simple? -->
13: ...he extensive characterization of microbes has allowed them to be used in industry and as experimental... - Prokaryote (4630 bytes)
1: ...roversial arrangement of Eukaryote, Bacteria, and Archaea is called the [[three-domain system]].
4: ...prokaryotes have structures called [[ribosome]]s, which produce protein. Prokaryotes are usually much...
6: ... parasexual processes where DNA is transferred between cells, such as [[transformation_(genetics)|tra...
8: ...are formed by organisms that remain attached following [[cell division]], sometimes through the help ...
11: ...s are found in nearly all environments on earth. Archaea in particular seem to thrive in harsh conditions,... - Genetic code (15677 bytes)
2: ...led the '''standard genetic code''', although a few organisms use minor variations of the standard co...
6: ...ino acid]] chain ([[peptide|polypeptide]]), which will then be folded into a [[protein]].
8: ...r and only consist of one aromatic ring. In RNA however, thymine ('''T''') is substituted by [[uracil...
10: ...CCC contains the codons UUU, AAA and CCC, each of which specifies one amino acid. So, this RNA seque...
12: ...ids involved in translation. These are called forward and reverse codon tables, respectively. For e... - Biology (23579 bytes)
2: ...of the most basic topics in biology, please see [[Wikipedia:biology basic topics]].''
4: ...ent disciplines. Together, they study life over a wide range of [[Orders of magnitude (length)|scales...
8: ...e new field is [[astrobiology]] (or xenobiology) which examines the possibility of life beyond the E...
10: <div style="width:200px;">
19: ...0px;">Biology studies the variety of life ''(clockwise from top-left)'' ''[[E. coli]]'', tree [[fern]... - Cell (29541 bytes)
3: ...g cells; all vital functions of an organism occur within cells and that cells contain the [[genetics|...
5: ...[Robert Hooke]] because of the likeness he saw between [[cork (material)|cork]] cells and small rooms...
7: ==Overview==
9: ...use cells grown in a culture dish. These cells grow in large clumps but each individual cell is about...
11: ...nd reproduce as necessary. Each cell stores its own set of instructions for carrying out each of the... - Oxygen (9039 bytes)
1: ...[[nitrogen]] | right=[[fluorine]] | above=- | below=[[sulfur|S]] | color1=#a0ffa0 | color2=green }}
24: {{Elementbox_vanderwaalsrad_pm | [[1 E-10 m|152]] }}
27: {{Elementbox_thermalcond_wpmkat300k | 26.58 m}}
37: ...n largely driven by terrestrial [[plant|plants]], which release oxygen during [[photosynthesis]].
40: ...sub>2</sub> itself has two energetic forms: the low-energy, predominant single-bonded [[diradical]] [... - Plankton (2900 bytes)
3: ...movement and swim against the average flow of the water environment, are called '''[[nekton]]'''. The...
5: ...fish]], [[crustacean|crustaceans]], marine [[worm|worms]], and most [[fish]].
7: ...sensitive to chemical and physical changes in the water.
12: ...ten described in terms of size. Usually the following divisions are used:
22: ...and importance of nano- and even smaller plankton was only discovered during the [[1980]]s, but they ... - Flagellum (8951 bytes)
4: ...are helical filaments that rotate like screws. [[Archaea]]l flagella are superficially similar, but are di...
8: ...ttached to the plasma membrane. The filament ends with a capping protein.
10: ...tself can operate at 6,000 to 17,000 [[rpm]], but with a filament attached usually only reaches 200 t...
12: ...ome types of secretory [[pore]] which have a hollow rod-like "plug" in their centers extending out th...
14: ...e bacteria to reverse course rapidly by switching which flagellum is active). Peritrichous bacteria h... - Microorganism (1865 bytes)
2: ... (biology)|cell]]ed, or unicellular, organisms; however, some unicellular [[protist]]s are visible to...
4: ...Bacterium|Bacteria]] and [[archaea]] are almost always microscopic. A number of [[eukaryote]]s are al...
6: ...extremophiles]]. Some extremophiles have been known to survive for a prolonged time in a [[vacuum]],...
8: ...esses. They can also be harmful as [[pathogen]]s when, as [[parasite]]s, they cause [[infection]]s.
10: ... types of food, medical substances and biological weapons. - Cell wall (6206 bytes)
1: ...is removed using cell wall degrading [[enzyme]]s, what is left of the cell and its surrounding plasma...
3: == Plant cell walls ==
5: ...duced by excess water inside the plant cell. Cell walls protect agains [[pathogen]]s and the environm...
7: ...the protoplasts of adjacent cells across the cell wall.
9: ...desma to connect cells through the secondary cell walls. - Organism (3272 bytes)
1: ...a way that they function as a more or less stable whole and have properties of [[life]].
3: ...ed a major missing link in evolutionary history. Two eukaryotic [[organelle]]s, namely [[mitochondria...
5: ...hrase ''complex organism'' describes any organism with more than one cell.
12: * [[Growth]]
16: ...conduct respiration, using alternate chemical pathways instead. And many organisms are incapable of r...
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