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- Mesopotamia (2719 bytes)
2: ...ritories bounded by the [[Arabian Desert]] to the west and south, the [[Persian Gulf]] to the immedia...
6: ...ol [[Ctesiphon]], the capital of [[Iran|Persia]], was situated in Mesopotamia.
8: ...arose from earlier settlements and cultures which were among the first to make use of [[agriculture]]...
19: [[Image:Mesopotamia_2.jpg|thumb|350px|Writing|Image provided by [http://classroomclipart....
21: *lower Mesopotamia / [[Sumer]] - Adam and Eve (8913 bytes)
1: ...l]] is one of the most famous works of art in the world.]]
2: ...ot have been the [[first woman]], or Adam's first wife.
4: ...8;ָדָם in [[Standard Hebrew]],
5: ...468;ָה (Ḥavva) in Standard Hebrew,
6: ...ebrew, and حواء (Ḥawwāʾ) in Arabic—means "[[Life|living... - History of sculpture (6101 bytes)
1: ...f sculpture''' is varied and is illustrative of how sculpture has changed extensively over the ages.
4: ...area of [[Willendorf]], [[Austria]], is a well-known example.
6: ...sed for pottery and terra cotta sculpture. Stone was generally rare and had to be imported from othe...
8: ...them are a wooden harp with gold and mosaic inlay with a black-bearded golden bull's head.
11: ...elieved to represent Hammurabi. The head has the wide open eyes, typical of the time period. - Turkey (41694 bytes)
4: national_motto = Peace at Home, Peace in the World
10: ...] |latd=52|latm=31|latNS=N|longd=13|longm=24|longEW=E|
11: ...]] |latd=41|latm=1|latNS=N|longd=28|longm=57|longEW=E|
22: percent_water = 1.3 |
39: currency = [[New Turkish Lira]] | - Iraq (19222 bytes)
1: ...A and the UK (as reported by BBC news, CNN, The New York Times, The Economist)
2: ... border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #...
8: ...ag 300.png|125px|Flag of Iraq]] || align="center" width="140px" | [[Image:Iraq-COA.png|80px|Iraq: Coa...
10: ... | ([[Flag of Iraq|In Detail]]) || align="center" width="140px" | ([[Coat of Arms of Iraq|Full size]]...
25: | '''[[Area]]'''<br> - Total <br> - % water || [[List of countries by area|Ranked 57th]] ... - Islamic architecture (6677 bytes)
1: ...tyle="float:right; margin:5px; border:3px solid;" width="40%">
9: [[Architecture of the ancient world]]</td></tr>
11: [[Western architecture]]</td></tr>
22: ...us buildings as well as secular ones, historic as well as modern expressions and the production of al...
32: ...amic architecture may be identified with the following design elements: - Silk Road (23757 bytes)
1: ...g'an]], [[China]] with [[Antioch]], [[Syria]], as well as other points. Its influence carries over on...
5: ...ry rarely, if ever, covered the whole distance between [[Europe]], or the [[Middle East]], and [[Chin...
7: ...completed in [[1992]], when the international railway communication [[Almaty]] - [[Urumqi]] opened.
11: ...C]]. Domestication of the [[Bactrian camel]] followed later.
13: ...rrior]]s and caravans to travel immense distances without arousing the hostility of more settled peop... - Flood (7770 bytes)
1: ...e inflow of the [[tide]], as opposed to the outflow or "ebb".
5: ...a sudden flood of water filling dry streambeds known as a "[[flash flood]]".
7: ... depletion. The annual cycle of flood and farming was of great significance to many early farming cul...
12: ...emely low pressure, so [[sea]] level may rise a few metres in the eye of the storm. This type of [[co...
14: ...flash flood]]s from quickly melting mountain [[snow]] has caused loss of property and life. - Bengal Tiger (2114 bytes)
16: ...telope]]s, [[cattle]], young [[elephant]]s, and [[Water Buffalo|buffalo]].
20: ...er population of India now numbers about 3,500, down from 5,000 in the 1970s. [[The Sundarbans]] man... - Endangered species (12553 bytes)
1: ...|right|300px|The [[American bison]] numbered as few as 750 in [[1890]] due to extreme overhunting.]]
2: ...come extinct, or potentially will become extinct, without gaining public notice.
4: ...d obtaining reasonable exceptions to protection laws.
6: ...re desirable for collectors and poachers[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4013719.stm].
8: ... population over time, breeding success rates, known threats, and so on. - Hittites (17910 bytes)
1: ...ional English-language term for an ancient people who spoke an [[Indo-European language]] and establi...
3: ...ted into several independent city-states, some of which survived until around 700 BC.
5: ...uished from the "[[Hattians]]", an earlier people who inhabited the same region until the beginning o...
7: ...tites in the 19th century initially believed the two peoples to be the same, but this identification ...
9: The Hittites were also famous for their skill in building and us... - Trajan (7787 bytes)
3: ...([[98]] - [[117]]), commonly called '''Trajan''', was the second of the so-called "[[five good empero...
5: ...wn Ulpii in a line that continued long after his own death.
7: ...t military commanders of the empire when Domitian was killed in [[96]].
9: ...]], [[98]], the highly respected Trajan succeeded without incident, making him the first non-[[Italy|...
11: ...as such that the [[Roman Senate]] eventually bestowed upon Trajan the honorific of ''optimus'', meani... - Tiger (11674 bytes)
2: {{Taxobox_begin | color = white | name = Tiger}}<br />{{StatusEndangered}}
15: ...r]], [[pig|wild pigs]], and [[buffalo]], but they will also take larger or smaller prey if the circum...
19: ...8'6" and 10'9") in length, and the females are between 2.3 and 2.75 metres (7'6" and 9') in length. O...
21: [[image:White-tiger.jpg|left|thumb|275px|White Tiger]]
23: ...oration of normal tigers, and stripes that are brown. This variation in color is very rare, and only ... - History of Sumer (5370 bytes)
3: ...en authenticated through archaeology. The best-known dynasty, that of Lagash, is not listed there at ...
6: ...r]]. His successor, Agga, is said to have fought with [[Gilgamesh]] of [[Uruk]].
8: ...f Lagash, and the high priest of a neighbouring town, [[Umma]].
14: ...es that ships of [[Dilmun]] (Bahrain) brought him wood as tribute from foreign lands.
17: ... recovered its independence after his death. Umma was made tributary - a certain amount of grain bein... - Ur (11926 bytes)
1: ...Because of marine regression, the remains are now well inland in present-day [[Iraq]], south of the E...
3: ...h [[bitumen]], in the upper stage they are joined with [[Mortar (masonry)|mortar]].
5: ...|thumb|350px|left|Ur seen across the Royal tombs, with the Great Ziggurat in the background, January ...
9: ...I]], the city was again thriving. Ur by this time was considered sacred to [[Nanna]], the [[moon]] [[...
11: ... [[Sumer]], in the [[first dynasty of Ur]], which was established by the king [[Mesannepada]] (or Mes... - Fertile Crescent (3589 bytes)
1: ...h-eastern [[Turkey]]. The term "Fertile Crescent" was coined by [[University of Chicago]] archeologis...
3: ...s and covering some 400-500,000 square kilometers with a population of 40-50 million, the region exte...
5: ...ere is also early evidence from this region for [[writing]], and the formation of [[state]]-level soc...
7: ...lem has been [[salination]] - the seepage of salt water into irrigated farmland.
9: ...t important species of domesticated animals - [[cow]]s, [[goat]]s, [[sheep]], and [[pig]]s - and the ... - Sumer (14409 bytes)
2: ...|cuneiform]] script may precede any other form of writing, and dates to no later than about [[3500 BC...
5: ...d, for example, to [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] which belongs to the [[Afro-Asiatic languages]].
10: ...[[god]] of the city and ruled over by a king, who was intimately tied to the city's religious rites.
12: ...nto a millennium of almost incessant warfare over water rights, trade routes, and tribute from nomadi...
14: ...his has led some to suggest that Gilgamesh really was a historical king of Uruk. - Thor Heyerdahl (6085 bytes)
1: ... became famous for his [[Kon-Tiki]] Expedition in which he sailed by raft 4,300 miles from [[South Am...
5: ...netic]] evidence, that Polynesia was settled from west to east, migration having begun from the [[Asi...
7: ...e documentary of the expedition won an [[Academy Award]] in [[1952]].
9: ...bility. At that time, I suffered from fear of the water," Heyerdahl once said.
11: ...Egypt|Ancient Egyptians]] could have communicated with the Americas or transferred [[pyramid]]-buildi... - River (12397 bytes)
1: ...le_river.jpg|300px|right|thumb|A Feluca sailing down the nile river.Image provided by [http://classro...
2: ...scientific community for all flowing natural waterways. In the vernacular, [[stream]] may be used to...
4: ... typically widens at its end and forms what is known as a delta or estuary.
7: ...r mouths. Rivers whose mouths are in saline tidal waters may form [[estuary|estuaries]].
9: ...ls are sometimes used as sources of energy, via [[watermill]]s and [[hydroelectric plant]]s. - Sargon of Akkad (2071 bytes)
1: ...rt of what is present-day [[Turkey]]. His capital was [[Akkad]].
4: ...[[Akkadian language|Akkadian]]). Sargon's empire would presumably have included Assyria. He is list...
6: ... be lost at this point; presumably it describes how Sargon becomes king).
8: ...cessor to Lugal-zage-si and is the founder of a new dynasty; his sons are [[Rimush]] and [[Manishtush...
10: His daughter was [[Enheduanna]], the author of several Akkadian ...
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