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- Scientific revolution (17675 bytes)
1: ...ation of the ''[[Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica]]'' in [[1687]] by [[Isaac Newton]]. These bounda...
3: ...totelian]]; at its end, science was [[mathematics|mathematical]], [[mechanics|mechanical]], and [[empiricism|em...
7: ...n. To some extent this arises from different conceptions of what the revolution was; some of the ranco...
15: *[[Ptolemy]]'s calculations of planetary motion. (This ...
33: ...ed during the fourteen centuries between them and Ptolemy. But for Kepler and Galileo a claim this bol... - Comet (30542 bytes)
3: ...ce. Comets typically move in highly [[ellipse|elliptical]] orbits, the [[aphelion|aphelia]] of which m...
9: ...tational interactions, falling into extremely elliptical orbits that bring them very close to the [[Su...
13: ...Cometorbit.png|thumb|400px|Comets have highly elliptical orbits. Note the two distinct tails.]]
17: ...d molecules. In these collisions, the ions will capture one or more electrons leading to emission of X...
21: ... explain why comets get perturbed into highly elliptical orbits, including close approaches to other [... - History of science (41710 bytes)
4: The [[Scientific Revolution]] saw the inception of the modern [[scientific method]] to guide t...
6: ...cience|natural]] and the [[social science]]s attempt to base their [[theory|theories]] on established ...
19: ...ristotle.jpg|thumb|120px|right|[[Aristotle]] (sculpture)]]
54: ...ed an important role. During this period the concepts of [[citation]] and [[peer review]] were develop...
61: ...n]] questioned religious doctrine. The works of [[Ptolemy]] (Astronomy), [[Galen]] (Medicine), and [[A... - Robert Hooke (5017 bytes)
22: ...prove it. When Newton published his ''[[Principia Mathematica]]'' in [[1687]], including a proof of an inverse ... - Isaac Newton (23339 bytes)
2: ...ho wrote the ''[[Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica]]'' (published [[5 July]] [[1687]]<sup id="fn_1_b...
4: ... those of [[comet]]s) were not only [[ellipse|elliptic]], but could also be [[hyperbola|hyperbolic]] a...
12: ...f biography of Newton's early life. For more in-depth information, see [[Isaac Newton's early life and...
19: ...Miss Storey married someone else. It is said he kept a warm memory of this love, but Newton had no oth...
23: ...t two years Newton worked at home on calculus, [[optics]] and [[gravitation]]. - Age of Enlightenment (36312 bytes)
6: ... on belief and piety. Some of its proponents attempted to use rationalism to demonstrate the existence...
12: ...ers/splitters|split]]; however, it is equally acceptable to think of them conjoined as one long period...
14: ... and [[René Descartes]], was based on extreme skepticism, and inquiry into the nature of "knowledge."...
16: ...ation of his ''[[Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica]].''
20: ...cts, such as Kepler's planetary motion, and the "opticks" which had explained lenses, and began to cre... - Astronomer (4344 bytes)
4: ...nt night sky. Following the Babylonians, the [[egypt]]ians also had an emphasis on observations of the...
17: |[[Hipparchus]] and [[Ptolemy]]
33: ...ested the [[Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion|elliptical orbits]] of planets, and propounded his ''[[K...
36: |Published ''Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica'' ([[1687]]), containing the "[[Newton's laws of ... - Thomas Hobbes (26163 bytes)
10: ...almesbury]] school and then to a private school kept by a young man named Robert Latimer, a graduate f...
22: ...37, to a country riven with discontent which disrupted him from the orderly execution of his philosoph...
26: ...racts published by Mersenne as ''Cogitata physico-mathematica'' in [[1644]]. He built a good reputation in phil...
32: In [[1647]], Hobbes was engaged as mathematical instructor to the young [[Charles II of England|...
46: ...is negative version of the [[Golden Rule]], in chapter xv, 35, reads: "Do not that to another, which t... - Physics (25628 bytes)
6: ...mathematical physics]], devoted to developing the mathematical structure of physical theories.
22: !Theory || Major subtopics || Concepts
47: ...[[atom]]s. The field of [[atomic, molecular, and optical physics]] deals with the behavior of individu...
50: !Field ||Subfields || Major theories || Concepts
57: | [[Atomic, molecular, and optical physics]] - Scientific method (40667 bytes)
11: ...e calls the ''essence'' of things. Using the concept of essence, Aristotle reconciles abstract thought...
13: .... In the [[17th century]], [[Francis Bacon]] attempted to describe a rational procedure for establishi...
17: ...hod made progress "by successive steps not interrupted or broken, we rise from particulars to lesser a...
23: ...'[[Discourse on Method]]'' presents the four precepts that characterize a scientific method:
25: :''"The first was never to accept anything for true which I did not clearly know to...
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