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- Ibn Battuta (16481 bytes)
6: ... his adventures. The title of this intial manuscript may be translated as ''A Gift to Those Who Contem...
74: *[[Ibn_Battuta_%28crater%29]] for the Lunar crater named after him
82: ...ravels in Asia and Africa 1325-1354] — excerpts from H. A. R. Gibb's translation - Ptolemy (10609 bytes)
1: [[image:Ptolemy.jpg|thumb|240px|Claudius Ptolemaeus, given contemporary German styling, in a ...
3: ...obably lived and worked in [[Alexandria]] in [[Egypt]].
5: ...ost of Classical Greek science, in Arabic manuscripts (hence its familiar name) and only made availabl...
7: ...time of the great explorations. They were also adopted in the Arab world and in India. The ''Almagest...
9: Ptolemy's other main work is his ''Geography''. Thi... - Aristarchus (4292 bytes)
1: ...were subordinated to those of [[Aristotle]] and [[Ptolemy]], until they were successfully revived and ...
3: ... (crater)|Aristarchus]], a bright [[Impact crater|crater]] on the [[Moon]], and [[asteroid]] [[3999 Arista...
9: ... wherein it appears, as a consequence of the assumptions made, that the universe is many times greater... - Prime Meridian (3211 bytes)
7: # It was desirable to adopt a single world meridian to replace the numerous o...
10: # All countries would adopt a universal day.
15: ...] and [[Brazil]] abstained. The French did not adopt the Greenwich meridian until [[1911]].
36: ...e from earth and passes near the [[Bruce (crater)|crater Bruce]].
37: ...meridian of the planet [[Mars]] is defined by the crater [[Airy-0]]. - Volcano (27295 bytes)
2: ...nics|continental plates]]. However, important exceptions exist in '''[[hotspot (geology)|hotspot volca...
9: [[Image:Mauna loa.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Eruption of [[Mauna Loa]], March [[1984]]]]
10: ...which affects the shape of the volcano. If the erupting magma contains a high percentage (>65%) of ...
12: ...rhraun (Thjrhraun) flow produced by an eruptive fissure almost in the geographical center of I...
18: ... the vent. These can be relatively short-lived eruptions that produce a cone-shaped hill perhaps 30 to... - Oregon (26551 bytes)
43: That description still applies over a quarter-century later. [...
94: [[Crater Lake National Park]] is Oregon's only [[national ...
97: ...-cleft.jpg Oregon geology: Abert Rim (image description)]</small>
103: ...mary election]] to select party candidates was adopted in [[1904]], and in [[1908]] the [[Oregon Const...
117: ...roes from moving into the State in the vote to adopt its Constitution ([[1858]]). This ban was not off... - Dinosaur (35313 bytes)
2: ...age | image = [[Image:Trex skull.gif|225px|]] | caption = Skull of ''[[Tyrannosaurus rex|T. Rex]]'' fr...
18: ...e [[pelycosaur]] ''[[Dimetrodon]]'', the winged [[pterosaur]]s, and the aquatic [[ichthyosaur]]s, [[pl...
20: ...mage of dinosaurs as sluggish, [[cold-blooded]] reptiles. [[Vertebrate paleontology]] has also become ...
27: ...("lizard" or "reptile"). Contrary to popular perception, the name was chosen to express Owen's awe at ...
30: ... it may sound) birds are technically considered reptiles."<br />—[http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/d... - Cretaceous (7391 bytes)
6: ...ated with the [[Chicxulub Crater|Chicxulub impact crater]] in [[Yucatan]] and the [[Gulf of Mexico]]. This...
39: | [[Aptian]]
69: ...proceeded faced growing competition from the [[adaptive radiation]] of [[bird]]s, and by the end of th...
71: ... represent a number of types of the group [[maniraptor]]a, which is transitional between dinosaurs and...
77: ...hark]]s and [[teleost]]s became common. Marine reptiles included [[ichthyosaur]]s in the early and mi... - Astronomy (13970 bytes)
3: ...|Lunar astronomy: the large crater is [[Daedalus (crater)|Daedalus]], photographed by the crew of [[Apollo...
15: ...l. The streaks on the right are sand dunes on the crater floor.]]
54: *[[Optical astronomy]] is the part of astronomy that use...
56: ...ool is the [[telescope]] but with the instrument optimized for infrared. [[Space telescope]]s are also...
64: Optical and radio astronomy can be performed with gro... - Comet (30542 bytes)
3: ...ce. Comets typically move in highly [[ellipse|elliptical]] orbits, the [[aphelion|aphelia]] of which m...
9: ...tational interactions, falling into extremely elliptical orbits that bring them very close to the [[Su...
13: ...Cometorbit.png|thumb|400px|Comets have highly elliptical orbits. Note the two distinct tails.]]
17: ...d molecules. In these collisions, the ions will capture one or more electrons leading to emission of X...
21: ... explain why comets get perturbed into highly elliptical orbits, including close approaches to other [... - Mercury (planet) (22924 bytes)
12: ... the bottom of permanently shaded [[Impact crater|crater]]s, where it has been deposited by [[comet]] impa...
16: ...istinct ages; the younger plains are less heavily cratered and probably formed when lava flows buried earl...
19: * [[Impact crater|Craters]] - see [[List of craters on Mercury]]
38: <caption><font size="+1">'''Mercury'''</font></caption>
40: <small><font color="white">Click image for description</font></small> - Geologic time scale (26014 bytes)
7: .... In many cases, such faunal stages have been adopted in building the geologic nomenclature, though i...
15: ...entury. The most influential of those early attempts (championed by [[Abraham Werner]], among others)...
19: ...]], and the name "Carboniferous" was simply an adaptation of "the Coal Measures," the old British geol...
73: ... sea. Primitive [[Aves|birds]] gradually replace pterosaurs. [[Monotremes]], [[marsupial]]s and [[pl...
92: ...mammal-like. First [[dinosaur]]s, [[mammal]]s, [[pterosaur]]s, and [[crocodilia]]. ''[[Dicrodium]]''... - Galileo Galilei (33761 bytes)
10: ...hese are the primary justifications for his description as "father of science."
18: ...pe to observe the [[sky]]. Based on sketchy descriptions of telescopes invented in the [[Netherlands]]...
20: ...planet)|Jupiter]]. Galileo published a full description in ''[[Sidereus Nuncius]]'' in March [[1610]]....
24: ...e Sun. By contrast, the [[geocentric model]] of [[Ptolemy]] predicted that only crescent and new phase...
28: ...to report lunar [[mountain]]s and [[impact crater|crater]]s, whose existence he deduced from the patterns ... - Aristotle (37648 bytes)
1: [[Image:aristotle.jpg|right|framed|Aristotle (sculpture)]]
10: ...cal ethics, his most famous works expressed a synoptic view of ethics, metaphysics, reason, knowledge ...
19: ...confiscation or destruction; finally, the manuscripts were rediscovered in [[70 BC]]. [[Andronicus of ...
25: ...ge|Greek]] and [[Arabic language|Arabic]] manuscripts to produce Latin translations. Aristotle's works...
29: ...Greek theater]], but his work was taken as prescriptive. In more recent times there has been a new rev... - Venus (planet) (31010 bytes)
1: ...ets' [[planetary orbit|orbits]] are [[ellipse|elliptical]], Venus's orbit is the closest to [[circle|c...
14: ...times that of Earth (a pressure equivalent to a depth of 1 kilometre under Earth's [[ocean]]s). This e...
16: ...s would be quite similar to Earth. A common conceptual misunderstanding regarding Venus is the mistak...
18: ...letely, obscuring any surface details from the [[Optical spectrum|human eye]]. The temperature at the ...
25: ...d [[kinetic energy]]. Because of this, no impact crater smaller than about 3.2 km in diameter can form. - Mars (27704 bytes)
4: ...are both small and oddly-shaped, possibly being captured [[asteroid]]s. The prefix '''areo-''' refers ...
27: ... contrast with the southern highlands, pitted and cratered by ancient impacts. The surface of Mars as seen...
29: ...in]], covered with light red sand. See [[list of craters on Mars]].
41: ...ed extensive imagery of Mars in [[1972]], a small crater (later called [[Airy-0]]), located in the [[Sinus...
84: ...ht|Viking Lander 1 site (click for detailed description).]] - Great Rift Valley (4717 bytes)
3: ...[valley]] varies in width from 30-100 km and in depth from a few hundred to several thousand metres. I...
16: ...Within a few million years, the lithosphere may rupture and eastern Africa will split off to form a ne...
18: ...Mount Meru]] and [[Mount Elgon]] as well as the [[Crater Highlands]] in [[Tanzania]]. The [[Ol Doinyo Leng... - Tycho Brahe (17516 bytes)
8: Tycho Brahe was born '''Tyge Brahe''', adopting the Latinised form Tycho at around age fifteen...
10: ...not lead to any disputes nor did his parents attempt to get him back. Tycho lived with his childless u...
12: ...s de Sphaera, [[Apianus]]' Cosmographia seu descriptio totius orbis and [[Regiomontanus]]' De triangul...
38: ...er tried, but was unable, to persuade Brahe to adopt the [[heliocentrism|heliocentric model]] of the [...
53: ...ric model was contrary to both philosophy and Scripture, and could be discussed only as a computationa... - Giordano Bruno (15356 bytes)
9: ...te uniformly to the earliest days of ancient [[Egypt]]. They are now believed to date mostly from abou...
29: ...s rather than some form of magic. When Bruno attempted to leave Venice, Mocenigo denounced him to the ...
43: ...view of a [[celestial sphere]], immutable, incorruptible, and superior to the terrestrial region. Brun...
45: ...] [[Thomas Digges]], author of ''[[A Perfit Description of the Caelestial Orbes]]'' (''sic''). [[Galil...
49: ...the immobile earth at the center of the sphere. [[Ptolemy]] had numbered these at 1,022, grouped into ... - Tsunami (29462 bytes)
2: ...e. [[Earthquake]]s, [[landslide]]s, [[volcanic eruption]]s and large [[meteorite impact]]s all have t...
10: ... such as an [[earthquake]], [[volcano|volcanic eruption]], [[landslide]] or [[meteorite impact]]. Howe...
12: ...namis can be generated when the [[sea floor]] abruptly deforms and vertically displaces the overlying ...
14: ...floor. Similarly, a violent submarine volcanic eruption can uplift the water column and generate a tsu...
21: ...g.png|thumb|right|300px|There is a common misconception that tsunamis behave like wind-driven waves or...
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