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- Manuscript (5266 bytes)
1: ...riting, impressed with a pointed stylus in a flat tablet of unbaked clay.
3: ...can]] texts were similarly inscribed on thin gold plates: similar sheets have been discovered in [[Bul...
6: ...he last letter of the abbreviation to express the plural, just as ''pp'' means "pages".)
12: ... perfect dryness of their resting places, whether placed within [[sarcophagus|sarcophagi]] in Egyptian...
19: ...tions of a [[library]] or an [[archive]]; for example, a library's collection of the [[letter]]s or a ... - Writing (6476 bytes)
10: ... cave paintings and petroglyphs of prehistoric peoples can be considered the precursor of writing syst...
15: ...some logograms, Arabic numerals being a prime example. The most important (and, to a degree, the only ...
20: ...s are best suited to languages with relatively simple syllable structure, such as Japanese. Other lang...
31: ...al stick, often made of lead, to scratch on [[wax-tablet]]s. A quill was used to write on [[papyrus]].
36: A pen is a writing instrument which applies ink to some surface. Pens come in a variety of... - Cuneiform script (7588 bytes)
1: {{Template:Ancient Mesopotamia}}
2: ...ver time, the pictorial representations became simplified and more abstract.
7: ... signs. By adjusting the relative position of the tablet to the stylus, the writer could use a single tool...
9: ...led if permanence was not called for. Many of the tablets found by archaeologists were preserved because t...
13: ...ords conventionally written by logograms. The complexity of the system bears a resemblance to classic... - Sumerian language (10760 bytes)
12: ...t least the [[4th millennium BC]]. Sumerian was replaced by [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] as a spoken...
16: ...ain little Sumerian because they mainly reproduce tablets from [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]]-speaking [[N...
18:
30: ... of Chicago's [[Oriental Institute]], regarding a tablet for making beer:
34: ...usy making available to scholars as many literary tablets as possible from the collections in Philadelphia... - Ming Dynasty (65624 bytes)
2: ...and [[army]] was built, with four masted ships displacing 1,500 tons and a standing army of one millio...
10: ...o be subordinated by the scholar bureaucracy. Simply put, maintaining a strong military was essential...
14: ...or nearly a century under the Yuan dynasty were replaced by the Han Chinese. The traditional [[Imperia...
16: ...ve body under past dynasties, after suppressing a plot for which he had blamed his chief minister. Wh...
18: ...court of servants for the emperor), capsized by a tablet in his palace stipulating: "Eunuchs must have not... - Polo (10046 bytes)
3: ...hockey]]. The main difference is that the players play on [[horse]]back.
6: :''"Let other people play other things — the king of game is still ...
8: ...cient sentence it epitomises the feelings of many players today.
10: ...he use of light cavalry spread throughout Iranian plateau, Asia Minor, China and the Indian subcontine...
14: ...dynasty of the [[4th Century AD]], who learned to play polo when he was only seven years old. - Computer (32773 bytes)
3: ...hat perform simple well-defined functions. The complex interactions of these components endow computer...
4: ...iscipline which studies the theory, design, and application of computers is called '''[[computer scie...
6: ==General principles==
10: ... the physical phenomena being exploited. For example, electron flows might be used to model the flow ...
12: ... operations on that information are reduced to simple [[Boolean algebra]]. - Shinto (25829 bytes)
2: ...sent major natural objects and processes, for example, [[Amaterasu]], the [[Sun goddess]]. The word Sh...
7: ...eories about the ancestors of today's Japanese people exist. These theories range from hypothesizes of...
11: ...ncluding, perhaps, the ancestors of the [[Ainu people|Ainu]]) continued to war against the encroachmen...
13: ...nt embodiments of the Buddhas themselves. For example, he famously linked Amaterasu, Sun Goddess and a...
15: ...creator deities [[Izanami]] and [[Izanagi]] are explicitly compared to [[yin and yang]].) However, the... - Babylonia (8254 bytes)
1: {{Template:Ancient Mesopotamia}}
2: ...The earliest mention of Babylon can be found in a tablet of the reign of [[Sargon of Akkad]], dating back ...
7: ...sopotamia. The armies of Babylonia were well-disciplined, and they conquered the city-states of [[Isin...
15: ...nidus where he recounts his restoration of the temple of the Moon-god at Harran; as well as by a procl...
17: ...h guards were placed at the gates of the great temple of Bel, where the services continued without int... - Babylon (9716 bytes)
3: {{Template:Ancient Mesopotamia}}
8: The earliest mention of Babylon is in a dated tablet of the reign of [[Sargon of Akkad]] ([[24th centu...
16: ...ction of the capital. In [[689 BC]] its walls, temples and palaces were razed to the ground and the ru...
18: ...e Assyrian empire the Babylonians saw another example of divine vengeance.
27: ... the ancient world. Nebuchadnezzar ordered the complete reconstruction of the imperial grounds, includ... - Celtic languages (6032 bytes)
2: ...modern descendants, the [[Gaels]], the [[Welsh people|Welsh]], and the [[Bretons]]. They are a branch ...
18: ...Celtic, and the remaining group would later have split into Gaulish and Insular Celtic.
22: ...respectively (although this terminology usually implies acceptance of the overall P-Celtic hypothesis)...
24: ... family, the Celtic languages have sometimes been placed with the [[Italic languages]] in a common "It...
39: Examples:<br> - Alchemy (42222 bytes)
11: ...context of their times. They were attempting to explore and investigate nature before many of the most...
13: ...sical insight would have been as partial and incomplete as a metaphysics devoid of physical manifestat...
23: ...of 1989. None of those claims could be reliably duplicated. In either case, the required conditions w...
25: ...e [[New Age]] movement. Even some physicists have played with alchemical ideas in books such as ''[[Th...
27: ...of the intellectual connections between that discipline and other facets of Western cultural history, ... - Hyksos (23575 bytes)
2: ...e an ethnically mixed group of Western Asiatic people who appeared in the eastern [[Nile Delta]] durin...
15: ...names of the six rulers in the same order. To complicate matters further, the spellings are so distor...
29: ...o a violent armed invasion by Asiatic hordes. Simply put, they had superior military hardware, so whe...
31: ...reat Hurrian empire, as Helck thought, for the simple reason that there was never any Hurrian empire. ...
33: ...udan. All these items have been satisfactorily explained as items of trade, not as indicators of dire... - Dionysus (15630 bytes)
14: ...at became of him after his birth. It is therefore plain to me that the Greeks learned the names of the...
16: ...tant land was intended, perhaps named 'Nysa' to explain the god's unreadable name, as the 'god of Nysa...
18: ...ysus's name is found on [[Mycenean]] [[Linear B]] tablets as "DI-WO-NI-SO-JO" {{ref|dionysus}}, and Kereny...
20: ...vine and its wild barren alter-ego, the toxic ivy plant, both sacred to him, the fig was also his. The...
26: ...nsultum de Bacchanalibus'', inscribed on a bronze tablet discovered in [[Calabria]] ([[1640]]), now at [[V... - Sargon of Akkad (2071 bytes)
6: ...al-zage-si]] of [[Uruk]] with a message on a clay tablet about murdering Sargon. (The legend appears to be... - Magnesium (9193 bytes)
2: ...y weight (Gardner,2005), and it is the third most plentiful element dissolved in seawater. This [[alka...
11: * [[photoengraving|Photoengraved]] plates in the printing industry.
12: ...bined in alloys, this metal is essential for [[airplane]] and [[missile]] construction.
21: ...e., when the tablet's substance is pressed into a tablet form).
36: Organic magnesium is important in both [[plant]] and [[animal]] life. [[Chlorophyll]]s are ma... - Chiton (3478 bytes)
1: ...ave been found as deep as 4000 meters. Individual plates are sometimes called "butterfly shells."
4: ...red. The shell is divided into eight articulating plates (also called valves) embedded in the tough mu...
11: ...n the subphylum Amphineura in 1876. The Class Polyplacophora was named by J. E. Gray in [[1821]]. - Hipparchus (astronomer) (50785 bytes)
8: ...("Geography"), and from [[Pliny the Elder]]'s ''[[Pliny's Natural History|Naturalis historia]]'' ("Nat...
14: ... but it is not known if and when he visited these places.
22: ...o [[Aristarchus]] of [[Samos]]. Some put in this place also Ptolemy of Alexandria. Hipparchus writin...
28: ...em related to astronomy. Most known astronomical tablets have been described by A.Sachs, and later publis...
34: ...that the Chaldeans routinely made. Preserved examples date from [[652 BC]] to [[130|AD 130]], but pro... - Cuneiform (script) (7717 bytes)
1: {{Template:Ancient Mesopotamia}}
2: ...ver time, the pictorial representations became simplified and more abstract.
7: ... signs. By adjusting the relative position of the tablet to the stylus, the writer could use a single tool...
9: ...led if permanence was not called for. Many of the tablets found by archaeologists were preserved because t...
12: ...eiform tablet.jpg|right|thumbnail|350px|Cuneiform tablet]] - Hipparchus (50784 bytes)
7: ...("Geography"), and from [[Pliny the Elder]]'s ''[[Pliny's Natural History|Naturalis historia]]'' ("Nat...
13: ... but it is not known if and when he visited these places.
21: ...o [[Aristarchus]] of [[Samos]]. Some put in this place also Ptolemy of Alexandria. Hipparchus writin...
27: ...em related to astronomy. Most known astronomical tablets have been described by A.Sachs, and later publis...
33: ...that the Chaldeans routinely made. Preserved examples date from [[652 BC]] to [[130|AD 130]], but pro...
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