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- Ibn Battuta (16481 bytes)
13: ... embarked on the first of his detours. Three commonly used routes existed to Mecca, and Ibn Battuta ch...
15: ...first trip who prophesied that Ibn Battuta would only reach Mecca after a journey through [[Syria]]. A...
20: ...ra]], then [[Isfahan (city)|Isfahan]], which was only a few decades away from being nearly destroyed b...
74: *[[Ibn_Battuta_%28crater%29]] for the Lunar crater named after him
103: [[nl:Ibn Batuta]] - Ptolemy (10609 bytes)
5: ...Arabic manuscripts (hence its familiar name) and only made available in Latin translation (by [[Gerard...
7: ...tral to the modern system of constellations, but unlike the modern system they did not cover the whole...
9: ...]] in the Roman empire at his time. He relied mainly on the work of an earlier geographer, Marinos of...
14: ...frica; Ptolemy was well aware that he knew about only a quarter of the globe.
16: ...scripts of Ptolemy's ''Geography'' however, date only from about 1300, after the text was rediscovered... - Aristarchus (4292 bytes)
3: ... (crater)|Aristarchus]], a bright [[Impact crater|crater]] on the [[Moon]], and [[asteroid]] [[3999 Arista...
7: The only work of Aristarchus which has survived to the pr...
11: ... ancient times, which is why stellar parallax is only detectable with [[telescope]]s. But the [[geocen... - Prime Meridian (3211 bytes)
36: ...e from earth and passes near the [[Bruce (crater)|crater Bruce]].
37: ...meridian of the planet [[Mars]] is defined by the crater [[Airy-0]]. - Volcano (27295 bytes)
47: ...nct volcanoes are those that scientists consider unlikely to erupt again. Whether a volcano is truly e...
109: ...noes. For example, [[Mount St. Helens]] is found inland from the margin between the oceanic [[Juan de ...
115: ...s height. Volcanoes that terminate in a principal crater are usually of a [[cone|conical]] form.
117: ...rces (and are thus called ''ejecta''). Within the crater of a volcano there may be numerous cones from whi...
126: ...face expression. The large majority of these are only known about at surface because of earthquakes as... - Oregon (26551 bytes)
36: .... Oregon is known for its abundant rainfall, but only the western 2/5 of the state is notably rainy; e...
94: [[Crater Lake National Park]] is Oregon's only [[national park]].
101: ...n to serve a six-year term as Chief Justice. The only court that may reverse or modify a decision of t...
130: ... forests, waterfalls, pristine lakes (including [[Crater Lake National Park]]), and scenic beaches draw vi...
164: ...urch]] membership rates as high as 80 %, it runs only about 12 % in Oregon. - Dinosaur (35313 bytes)
42: Only a tiny percentage of animals are ever fossilized...
51: ...re are bigger dinosaurs, but they are known from only a small handful of bones. The current record hol...
53: ...[[mammoth]] were dwarfed by the giant sauropods. Only a small handful of aquatic animals approach it i...
91: ...ds and most reptiles are diapsids; mammals, with only one temporal fenestra, are called [[synapsid]]s;...
93: ...ame time as the dinosaurs. Some of these are commonly, but incorrectly, thought of as dinosaurs: thes... - Cretaceous (7391 bytes)
6: ...ated with the [[Chicxulub Crater|Chicxulub impact crater]] in [[Yucatan]] and the [[Gulf of Mexico]]. This...
69: ...ion]] of [[bird]]s, and by the end of the period only two highly specialised [[Family (biology)|famili... - Astronomy (13970 bytes)
3: ...|Lunar astronomy: the large crater is [[Daedalus (crater)|Daedalus]], photographed by the crew of [[Apollo...
10: ...ronomy". Theoretical astrophysics is concerned mainly with figuring out the observational implications...
15: ...l. The streaks on the right are sand dunes on the crater floor.]]
27: ...tragalactic astronomy]]: the study of objects (mainly galaxies) outside our galaxy.
49: In astronomy, [[information]] is mainly received from the detection and analysis of [[el... - Comet (30542 bytes)
11: ...ugh the inner solar system, the dust reflecting sunlight directly and the gases glowing due to [[ion|i...
15: ...vered that [[Comet Borrelly]]'s surface reflects only 2.4% to 3% of the light that falls on it; by com...
17: ...-rays and far ultraviolet photons [http://www.kvi.nl/~bodewits].
29: ... their discoverers, but comets that had appeared only once continued to be referred by the year of the...
35: ...lost, and A/ indicating an object that was mistakenly identified as a comet, but is actually a [[minor... - Mercury (planet) (22924 bytes)
1: ...was [[Mariner 10]] ([[1974]]–[[1975|75]]); only 40–45% of the planet has been mapped.
9: ===Temperature and sunlight===
10: ...adiation]]; not [[climate]] or [[season]]). The sunlight on Mercury's surface is 6.5 times as intense ...
12: ... the bottom of permanently shaded [[Impact crater|crater]]s, where it has been deposited by [[comet]] impa...
16: ...istinct ages; the younger plains are less heavily cratered and probably formed when lava flows buried earl... - Geologic time scale (26014 bytes)
13: ...ces; 3) The strata of any given area represented only part of the Earth's long history.
23: ...represented. [[Creationist]]s proposed dates of only a few thousand years, while others suggested lar...
154: | style="background:#B189B3" | [[Wenlock epoch|Wenlock]]
215: ...ere|atmosphere]] became [[oxygen]]ic. [[Vredefort crater|Vredefort]] and [[Sudbury Basin]] asteroid impact...
268: # Though commonly used, the [[Hadean]] is not a formal eon and no ... - Galileo Galilei (33761 bytes)
24: ...geocentric model]] of [[Ptolemy]] predicted that only crescent and new phases would be seen, since Ven...
28: ...to report lunar [[mountain]]s and [[impact crater|crater]]s, whose existence he deduced from the patterns ...
39: ...esis that objects "naturally" slow down and stop unless a force acts upon them. This principle was inc...
41: ...ieved this equality of period to be exact, it is only an approximation appropriate to small amplitudes...
43: ...time greater than when he and the assistant were only a few yards apart. While he could reach no concl... - Aristotle (37648 bytes)
8: ...aedrus]]''. His ideas are therefore known to us only indirectly, through Plato and a few other writer...
10: ...ant. Though the early dialogues are concerned mainly with methods of acquiring knowledge and most of ...
12: ...texts used by his students, and were almost certainly revised repeatedly over the course of years. As ...
23: .... At the end of the century, however, [[Anicius Manlius Severinus Bo봨ius|Boethius]] undertook to tra...
45: [[Plutarch]] wrote that Aristotle not only imparted to Alexander a knowledge of ethics and ... - Venus (planet) (31010 bytes)
3: ...uring the daytime, making it one of only two heavenly bodies that can be seen both day and night (the ...
7: The adjective ''Venusian'' is commonly used for Venus, but it is etymologically incorre...
14: ...nds in the upper atmosphere circle the planet in only 4 days, helping to distribute the heat.
16: ...ght back into space. This prevents most of the sunlight from ever heating the surface. Venus's [[Bol...
18: ... of force against obstructions. The clouds are mainly composed of [[sulfur dioxide]] and [[sulfuric ac... - Mars (27704 bytes)
8: ... a quarter the surface area of the [[Earth]] and only one-tenth the [[mass]] (though its surface area ...
11: ... is thin: the [[air pressure]] on the surface is only 750 [[pascal]]s, about 0.75 percent of the avera...
22: ... mineral [[goethite]], which (unlike hematite) ''only'' forms in the presence of water, along with oth...
27: ... contrast with the southern highlands, pitted and cratered by ancient impacts. The surface of Mars as seen...
29: ...in]], covered with light red sand. See [[list of craters on Mars]]. - Great Rift Valley (4717 bytes)
18: ...[[volcano]] remains active, and is currently the only [[natrocarbonatite]] volcano in the world. - Tycho Brahe (17516 bytes)
16: ... accuracy obtainable. He was able to improve and enlarge the existing instruments, and construct entir...
27: ...a nobleman and a commoner woman lived together openly as husband and wife, and she wore the keys to th...
53: ...philosophy and Scripture, and could be discussed only as a computational convenience that had no conne...
60: ...ications on the principle that the [[planets|heavenly bodies]] undoubtedly influenced (yet did not det...
65: ...n the grounds of correspondences between the heavenly bodies, terrestrial substances (metals, stones e... - Giordano Bruno (15356 bytes)
35: ...is theological beliefs were also a factor. Also, unlike Galileo, he refused to renounce his beliefs.
47: ...ental]] [[God]], not part of the universe, a motionless [[prime mover]] and [[first cause]].
55: ...n of the planetary spheres, considered Earth the only possible realm of [[life]] and [[death]], and a ...
57: ...eavens, an immanent God rather than a remote heavenly deity.
61: ... ephemeral creations, divine instruments, or heavenly messengers. Each comet was a world, a permanent ... - Tsunami (29462 bytes)
4: ...hy they generally pass unnoticed at sea, forming only a passing "hump" in the ocean.
18: ...aking, tsunamis generated from these mechanisms, unlike the ocean-wide tsunamis caused by some earthqu...
21: ... a tsunami is better understood as a new and suddenly higher sea level, which manifests as a shelf or ...
22: ... ships and boulders can be carried several miles inland before the tsunami subsides.
28: ...bed, unlike surface waves, which typically reach only down to a depth of 10 m or so.
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