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- Glass (26176 bytes)
13: ...''Common glass''' is mostly amorphous [[silicon dioxide]] ([[Silicon|Si]][[Oxygen|O]]<sub>2</sub>), which...
30: ...hich is obviously undesirable, so lime ([[calcium oxide]], [[Calcium|Ca]][[Oxygen|O]]) is the third compo...
32: ... also increases the refractive index. [[Thorium]] oxide gives glass a very high refractive index, and is ...
37: ...e an imitation [[porcelain]]. 2 to 3% of [[copper oxide]] produces a [[turquoise]] color. Pure metallic [...
42: ...ed glass by adding metallic compounds and mineral oxides to produce brilliant hues of red, green, and bl... - Capacitor (29664 bytes)
47: ...o two broad categories: bulk insulators and metal-oxide films (so-called ''electrolytic capacitors'').
72: ...e correct polarity of [[direct current]] else the oxide layer will break down and be ruptured, causing th...
78: ...s dc. The dielectric is a thin layer of aluminum oxide. They contain corrosive liquid and can burst if t...
80: ...development of this type replaces the manganese dioxide with a conductive plastic [[polymer]] ([[polypyrr...
205: ...hilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society LXXII, Appendix 8, 1782 (Volta coins the word ''condens... - Bismuth (9188 bytes)
53: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
149: ...rns with a [[blue]] flame and its [[bismuth oxide|oxide]] forms [[yellow]] fumes.
159: ...net]]s can be made from the alloy [[bismanol]] ([[manganese|Mn]]Bi). - Chromium (13677 bytes)
5: ...er">[[vanadium]] – '''chromium''' – [[manganese]]</td>
36: <td>[[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]]) </td><td>6,'''3''',2 (strong ...
121: ** Chromium(III) Oxide is a metal polish known as [[Rouge|Green rouge]].
128: ...here its higher [[coercivity]] than [[Iron|iron]] oxide tapes gives better performance.
136: ...he could isolate metallic chromium by heating the oxide in a charcoal oven. He was also able to detect tr... - Iron (23778 bytes)
5: <tr><td colspan="2" align="center">[[manganese]] – '''iron''' – [[cobalt]]</td>
22: <td>[[group 8 element|8 (VIIIB)]], [[period 4 element|4]], [[d-block|d]]</td></...
44: <td>[[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]]) </td><td>2,'''3''',4,6 (amphot...
102: <td>[[Manganese|<sup>55</sup>Mn]]</td></tr>
147: ...2% – 3.5% [[carbon]] and small amounts of [[manganese]]. Contaminants present in pig iron that negative... - Lithium (11359 bytes)
50: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
146: ...oxide will absorb CO<sub>2</sub>, but lithium hydroxide is preferred because of its low molecular weight.
147: ...ith [[aluminium]], [[cadmium]], [[copper]], and [[manganese]] are used to make high performance [[aircraft]] ...
155: ...y Davy]] later used [[electrolysis]] on [[lithium oxide]]. Commercial production of lithium metal was ac...
160: ...eft|Lithium pellets (covered in white lithium hydroxide)]] - Aluminium (26079 bytes)
20: {{Elementbox_oxistates | 3<br />([[amphoteric]] oxide) }}
52: ...] resistance and durability due to the protective oxide layer. It is also nonmagnetic and nonsparking and...
56: ...th many elements such as copper, zinc, magnesium, manganese and silicon. When combined with thermo-mechanical...
58: ...oatings form a thin layer of protective aluminium oxide that does not deteriorate as [[silver]] coatings ...
74: Aluminium oxide, [[alumina]], is found naturally as [[corundum]],... - Manganese (14965 bytes)
5: ...olspan="2" align="center">[[chromium]] – '''manganese''' – [[iron]]</td>
14: ...]], [[List of elements by number|Number]]</td><td>manganese, Mn, 25 </td></tr>
38: <td>[[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]]) </td><td>7,6,4,'''2''',3 (stro...
103: '''Manganese''' is a [[chemical element]] in the [[periodic ta...
106: ...le, fusible with difficulty, but easily oxidized. Manganese metal is ferromagnetic only after special treatme... - Niobium (10560 bytes)
51: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
182: ...the three elemental superconductors that are Type II (the others being [[vanadium]] and [[technetium]]...
190: ...Ca]])<sub>2</sub>Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>[[hydroxide|OH]],[[fluorine|F]]), and [[euxenite]] (([[yttriu... - Rhenium (8807 bytes)
22: ...table block|Block]]</td><td>[[group 7 element|7 (VIIB)]], [[period 6 element|6]], [[d-block|d]]</td></...
42: <td>[[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])</td><td>'''6''', 4, 2, -2 (mildly [[acid]]ic)<...
100: ...yvalent [[transition metal]], rhenium resembles [[manganese]] chemically and is used in some [[alloy]]s. Rhen... - Tantalum (11817 bytes)
49: | [[Oxidation state]] ([[Oxide]])
171: ...aining the [[fluoride]] ion, and free [[sulfur trioxide]]. The element has a melting point exceeded only ...
174: ... tantalum foil as one plate of the capacitor, the oxide as the [[dielectric]], and an electrolytic soluti...
178: ...dely used in making surgical appliances. Tantalum oxide is used to make special high [[refractive index]]...
186: ...ly in the mineral [[tantalite]] [([[iron|Fe]], [[manganese|Mn]]) Ta<sub>2</sub>[[oxygen|O]]<sub>6</sub>] and... - Technetium (32113 bytes)
7: | rowspan="3" valign="center" | [[Manganese|Mn]]<br>
182: ...etal]] are intermediate between [[rhenium]] and [[manganese]]. Its short-lived [[isotope]] Tc-99[[nuclear is...
184: ...he properties of element 43, which he called ''ekamanganese'', well before its actual discovery (see [[Mendel...
187: ...n the periodic table is between [[rhenium]] and [[manganese]] and as predicted by the [[History of the period...
189: ...>7</sub>. Under oxidizing conditions technetium (VII) will exist as the pertechnetate [[ion]], Tc[[oxy... - Thallium (12570 bytes)
19: ...ble block|Block]]</td><td>[[group 13 element|13 (IIIA)]], [[period 6 element|6]], [[p-block|p]]</td></...
39: <td>[[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]]) </td><td>3,'''1''' (mildly [[B...
97: ... air, and in the presence of water thallium [[hydroxide]] is formed.
103: *thallium [[oxide]] has been used to manufacture [[glass]]es that h...
118: ...om the [[smelting]] of lead and zinc rich ores. [[Manganese nodule]]s which are found on the [[ocean floor]],... - Titanium (20884 bytes)
37: <td>[[Oxidation state]] ([[Oxide]])</td><td>4 ([[amphoteric]])</td></tr>
113: ...num]]) and its most common compound, [[titanium dioxide]], is used in white pigments.
120: ...d in air 610° C or higher (forming titanium dioxide) is also one of the only elements that burn in pu...
125: ...]], and [[plastics]]. Paints made with titanium dioxide are excellent reflectors of [[infrared radiation]...
127: ...[[vanadium]], [[copper]] (to harden), [[iron]], [[manganese]], [[molybdenum]] and with other metals. - Tungsten (13647 bytes)
51: | [[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]])
166: ...al [[acid]]s. Tungsten metal forms a protective [[oxide]] when exposed to air but can be oxidized at high...
180: Miscellaneous: Oxides are used in [[ceramic]] glazes and [[calcium]]/[...
181: ...zes' (so-called due to the colour of the tungsten oxides) along with other compounds are used in [[paint]...
187: In World War II, tungsten played an enormous role in background p... - Vanadium (13808 bytes)
38: <td>[[Oxidation state]]s ([[Oxide]]) </td><td>'''5''',3 ([[amphoter...
103: ... and [[Manganese]] the property of having valency oxides with [[acid]] properties.
118: * [[Vanadium(V) oxide]] (vanadium pentoxide, V<sub>2</sub>[[oxygen|O]]<sub>5</sub>) is used a...
119: * Glass coated with [[vanadium dioxide]] (V[[oxygen|O]]<sub>2</sub>) can block [[infrare...
126: ...str? of [[Sweden]] rediscovered vanadium in a new oxide he found while working with some [[iron]] ores an... - Cave art (4661 bytes)
12: ...d and yellow [[ochre]], [[hematite]], [[manganese oxide]] and [[charcoal]]. Sometimes the silhouette of t... - Salt (4921 bytes)
14: ...odium chloride), [[Opacity|opaque]] ([[titanium dioxide]]), and even metallic and lustrous ([[pyrite|iron...
21: [[blue]] ([[Copper (II) sulfate|copper sulfate]] pentahydrate, [[Prussia...
22: [[green]] ([[nickel]] oxide),
24: [[white]] ([[titanium dioxide]]), and
25: [[black]] ([[Manganese(IV) oxide|manganese dioxide]]). Most [[minerals]] and inorganic [[pigment]]s ...
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