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- Christine de Pizan (6645 bytes)
1: ...|right|250px|Christine de Pizan, showing the interior of an apartment at the end of the 14th or commen...
2: ... the norm for centuries rather than Pizan's invention.
4: ...d, and Pizan became a court writer employed by various ducal and Royal households, in order to support...
5: ...of Ladies]]'', written in [[1405]], and its companion, [[The Book of the Three Virtues]]. She also wro...
7: ==Biography== - Scientific revolution (17675 bytes)
1: ...y]]. Nevertheless, the basic themes of the revolution are readily recognised.
3: The seventeenth century was a period of major scientific change. But at that time the...
5: == Existence of the revolution ==
7: ...es in such debates may arise from lack of recognition of these fundamental differences.
9: ...seems entirely clear that ''a'' scientific revolution took place around the year [[1600]]. That is, at... - Medieval art (6359 bytes)
3: ...h Africa. It includes the major art movements, national art, genres, revivals, the artists crafts, and...
5: ...e art]] and [[Islamic art]]. In addition each "nation" or culture in the Middle Ages had its own disti...
13: ... based on about nine large-scale movements, or periods.
15: ...the production of art in the East. During this period Christian artists adopted the Roman crafts of pa...
17: ...en finally late in the period some Viking inspirations were added in Ireland. - Jewellery (4234 bytes)
1: ...y persons, typically made with [[gem]]s and [[precious metal]]s. [[Costume jewelry|Costume jewellery]...
7: Jewellery, particularly when made with precious materials, is generally considered valuable and...
9: Jewellery in various forms has been made and worn by both sexes in a...
22: ...C - [[The Middle East]] employ semi-[[mass-production]]
26: * 2500 BC - True iron production technology in [[Near East]]. - Clavichord (3295 bytes)
5: ...end they pass over a curved wooden bridge. The action is simple, with the keys being levers with a sma...
7: ...vichord''. This technique simplifies the construction since fewer strings are required, but it limits ...
9: ...tion of the electric blower, and there is speculation that some practice [[etude]]s labelled ''organ''...
11: ...and [[organ (music)|organ]] from the period circa 1400-1800 can be played on the clavichord; however, it...
15: ...magnetic pickup to provide a signal for amplification. - Nile (13738 bytes)
8: ...Greek name for the Nile was ''Aigyptos'' (Αιγυπτος), wh...
14: ...n to 3.4 million km² (1.1 million to 1.3 million mile²).
20: ...quatorial East Africa, and the Blue Nile, from Ethiopia. Both branches formed on the western flanks o...
30: ...the rest of the year the great rivers draining Ethiopia to the Nile (Sobat, Blue Nile, and Atbara) flo...
36: ...int north, the Nile diminishes because of evaporation. - Slovenia (19318 bytes)
10: national_motto = None |
11: national_anthem = [[Zdravljica]] |
23: population_estimate = 2,011,070 |
24: population_estimate_year = 2005 |
25: population_estimate_rank = 142nd | - Great Sphinx of Giza (7181 bytes)
7: ==Description==
9: ...ne]], with the face of a man and the body of a [[lion]]. It is 57 metres (260 feet) long, 6 m (20 ft) ...
11: ...817]] that the first modern dig, supervised by [[Giovanni Battista Caviglia|Captain Caviglia]], uncove...
15: ... the legendary Greek creature with the body of a lion and the head of a woman, but the Egyptian Sphinx...
18: The Great Sphinx is an international symbol of mystery and controversy. It is the w... - Ancient Egypt (16131 bytes)
1: ... (masonry)]]. As a civilization based on [[irrigation]], it is the quintessential example of a [[hydra...
8: ...|Nomes]] were the subnational administrative divisions. The Pharaohs were known as the rulers of the T...
10: ...'God's Land.''" The exact location of [[Yam (Location)|Yam]] is disputed. And it is unknown if [[Alash...
14: ...nted by the Egyptians. The [[Al Fayyum]] [[Irrigation]] (water works) was one of the main agricultural...
16: ...en ratio]] seems to be reflected in many constructions, such as the [[Egyptian pyramids]]. - Iron Age (8996 bytes)
3: ... including differing agricultural practices, religious beliefs and artistic styles.
5: ...n occurs within Europe where the Iron Age distinction was first identified; the [[Nordic]] Iron Age an...
7: ...ommonly used metal. The arrival of iron use in various areas is listed below, broadly in chronological...
10: ... the tips of spears and ornaments, were being fashioned from iron recovered from [[meteorite]]s (see [...
13: ...corated bronze haft were both found in the excavation of [[Ugarit]] (see [[Ugarit#History|Ugarit: Hist... - Sun (20830 bytes)
8: ..."#ffffc0" colspan="2" align="center" | '''Observation data'''
24: ! align="left" | [[Galaxy|Galactic]] period
39: | [[1 E18 m²|6.09]] [[scientific notation|×]] 10<sup>12</sup> [[square kilometre|km&...
73: ..."#ffffc0" colspan="2" align="center" | '''[[Rotation]] characteristics'''
78: ! align="left" | [[Right ascension]]<br>of North pole <sup>[http://www.hnsky.org/ia... - List of painters (54090 bytes)
12: ...[[1840]]-[[1926]]), French [[Impressionism|impressionist]] painter
14: ...6]]), US [[Abstract expressionism|abstract expressionist]] [[painter]]
17: ...[[1841]]-[[1919]]), French [[Impressionism|impressionist]] painter
31: *[[Aetion]] ([[4th century BC]])
38: *[[Mariotto Albertinelli]] ([[1474]]-[[1515]]) - Silk Road (23757 bytes)
1: ...entually in [[Japan]]. ''Silk road'' is a translation from the [[German language|German]] ''Seidenstra...
3: ...potamia]] and [[Anatolia]], and then through [[Antioch]] in Southern Anatolia into the [[Mediterranean...
5: ...ay, ancient trade was probably conducted over sections of the routes and it is probable that merchants...
7: ...[1992]], when the international railway communication [[Almaty]] - [[Urumqi]] opened.
11: ...sticated [[horse]]s around [[4000 BC]]. Domestication of the [[Bactrian camel]] followed later. - Byzantine Empire (29975 bytes)
24: | The [[Lombard]] invasion results in the loss of most of Italy.
46: ...e process of [[Hellenization]] and [[Christianization]] was well underway.
51: ...eir eastern neighbours as true Romans. The [[Donation of Constantine]], one of the most famous [[forge...
53: ...g manner since he ascribed his changes to ''historiography'' and not ''history'' itself.
57: ...ek Orthodox]] state: An empire that became a [[nation]], almost by the modern meaning of the word".<su... - Medieval music (31843 bytes)
7: ...omplexity in harmony, rhythm, text, and orchestration.
9: ...y of chant, with unison voice and natural declamation, is most common.
11: ...between multiple vocals lines in a repeatable fashion. The use of multiple texts and instrumental acc...
14: ...n]] was a relatively late development, reconstruction of this music, especially before the [[12th cent...
16: === Theory and notation === - Geologic time scale (26014 bytes)
1: ...nclature]] proposed by the [[International Commission on Stratigraphy]], and uses the standard color c...
3: ...the [[Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event|extinction event]] that marked the demise of the [[dinosaur...
7: ...ided into Eras, which are in turn divided into Periods, Epochs and Stages. At the same time, paleonto...
9: ...ey aspect of the work of the International Commission on Stratigraphy to reconcile this conflicting te...
13: ... distorted, tilted, or even inverted after deposition; 2) Strata laid down at the same time in differe... - Illinois (27007 bytes)
9: Motto = State sovereignty, national union |
13: PostalAbbreviation = IL |
39: ...go and its [[suburb]]s. The U.S. postal abbreviation for the state is '''IL'''.
45: ... in the seventeenth century as [[Iroquois]] expansion forced them to compete with several tribes for l...
47: ===European exploration=== - Crossbow (7510 bytes)
2: ... warfare and is still used in modern times for various purposes.
4: ==Description==
14: The crossbow shelf is a flat section above the stock with a straight groove for the b...
18: ...own to have been used on crossbows from the early 1400s. [[Leonardo da Vinci]] designed many complicated...
26: ... Asia. One of the most distinctive Chinese inventions on crossbows was the [[repeating crossbow]] (Ch... - Pieter Brueghel the Elder (6133 bytes)
9: ...ate]] art that prevailed at the time. The most obvious influence on his art is the older Dutch master ...
11: ...eir own sake, rather than as a backdrop to a religious [[allegory]]. His winter landscapes of 1565 are...
32: * ''The Procession to Calvary'' 1564, Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien...
33: * ''The Adoration of the Kings'' 1564, The National Gallery, London
35: ** ''[[:Image:DSCN2653-hunters-in-the-snow crop 1400x1000.jpg|The Hunters in the Snow]] (Dec.-Jan.)'' ... - Roger van der Weyden (3397 bytes)
1: ...:Weyden Deposition.jpg|right|thumb|350px|''Deposition'' by Roger van der Weyden (c.1435) Oil on oak pa...
3: ...s Roger de la Pasture, Rogier de Bruxelles, (c. [[1400]] - [[June 18]], [[1464]]) was a [[Flanders|Flemi...
7: ...] he entered the studio of [[Robert Campin]], previously known as the Master of Flemalle.
15: ...he positions of the major elements in the composition. [[Hans Memling]] was his greatest pupil.
27: ...mbment of Christ'', [[National Gallery, London|National Gallery]], [[London]]
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