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- Bagpipes (20858 bytes)
1: [[Image:Bagpipe performer.jpg|right|thumb|150px|A bagpipe performer in [[Amsterdam]].]]
6: [[Image:annotated_stand.jpg|right|thumb|A set of Scottish Great Highland bagpipes.<br>
20: ...y produced when the chanter reed is too easy and thus the chanter is overblown. Sometimes the term is...
40: ...st any instruments, from model elephants,to small jazz orchestras. Well known bagads include Bagad Brieg...
53: ...es not have a completely closed end, like the Northumbrian smallpipes, the player can press the end of... - November 4 (10686 bytes)
18: * [[1918]] - [[World War I]]: [[Austria-Hungary]] surrenders to [[Italy]].
28: ...ngary]] to crush the [[Hungarian Revolution, 1956|Hungarian revolution]] that started on [[October 23]...
39: * [[2001]] - [[Hurricane Michelle]] hits [[Cuba]], destroying crops...
50: ...9]] - [[Will Rogers]], [[United States|American]] humorist and entertainer (d. [[1935]])
86: *[[1930]] - [[Buddy Bolden]], American jazz musician (b. [[1877]]) - Toni Morrison (2576 bytes)
10: ...rrently the [[Robert F. Goheen]] Professor of the Humanities at [[Princeton University]].
20: *''[[Jazz (novel)|Jazz]]'' (1992) - Ella Fitzgerald (9400 bytes)
1: [[Image:Ellafitzgerald.jpeg|thumb|Ella Fitzgerald photographed by [[Carl Van Vech...
2: ...y|Lady]] Ella''', was one of the most important [[jazz]] [[singer]]s, and the winner of thirteen [[Gramm...
12: ...he [[Decca Records|Decca]] label in [[1955]], the jazz record company [[Verve Records|Verve]] was create...
14: ... she also sang together with the "other voice" of jazz, [[Billie Holiday]] ([[1957]]).
16: ...' is the most notable of her many recordings with jazz legend [[Louis Armstrong]], but they also recorde... - Aretha Franklin (7875 bytes)
1: [[Image:aretha_franklin.jpg|thumb|200px|Aretha Franklin]]
2: ...er soul and R&B recordings but is also adept at [[jazz]], [[rock]], [[blues]], [[pop]], [[hip-hop]], [[g...
6: ...Melody."'' Though Columbia really wanted her as a jazz singer, the results never gave full rein to Frank...
10: ...e gospel music recorded in a Los Angeles Baptist church. Surprisingly she never made it to number one ...
14: ...osing nothing of its power, and she continued the hugely successful relationship with Wexler and Mardi... - Billie Holiday (6766 bytes)
1: [[Image:Billie_Holiday.jpg|right|thumb|<small>Billie Holiday photographed by [[Carl Va...
3: ...''' is generally considered one of the greatest [[jazz]] [[singer]]s of all time. Born '''Eleanora Fagan...
7: ... of her birth; her father [[Clarence Holiday]], a jazz guitarist who would play for [[Fletcher Henderson...
16: ...nderson]], did much to solidify her standing as a jazz and blues singer. Shortly thereafter, Holiday beg...
18: Compared to other jazz singers, Holliday had a rather limited range of j... - Mahalia Jackson (2345 bytes)
1: ..., Louisiana]] and began singing in a [[Baptist]] church. She moved to [[Chicago]] in [[1927]] where s...
3: ...'Move on up a Little Higher'' ([[1948]]) became a huge success however, and stores couldn't stock enou...
5: ... Faith]], and performed at the [[1958]] [[Newport Jazz Festival]] and the inauguration of [[John F. Kenn...
7: She was posthumously inducted into the [[Gospel Music Associatio... - Janis Joplin (8673 bytes)
1: ...|right|thumb|Janis Joplin on the cover of her posthumously-released live album ''In Concert'']]
2: ...ontwoman for several bands from [[1967]] to a posthumous release in [[1971]].
4: ...n graduated from Jefferson High School in Port Arthur in [[1960]] and went to college at the [[Univers...
8: After a return to Port Arthur to recuperate, she again moved to San Francisco ...
12: ...b|Janis Joplin singing, from the cover of the posthumous album ''Super Hits'']] - Joni Mitchell (9996 bytes)
3: ...edominantly to [[Rock and roll|rock music]] and [[jazz]], to become one of the most highly respected [[s...
5: ... her surname from a brief marriage to folksinger Chuck Mitchell in [[1965]]. She performed frequently...
11: ...'m a Radio". ''[[Court and Spark]]'' (1974) was a huge success, producing the international hit "[[Fre...
13: ... participated in several concerts in the Rolling Thunder Revue tour headlined by [[Bob Dylan]].
15: ...ay from pop toward the freedom and abstraction of jazz, a wordy double album dominated by the lengthy pa... - Music (16462 bytes)
1: ...ultures of the world.[[Image:Music_animation.gif|thumb|200px|Clip Art courtesy of
5: [[Image:Music instru2.jpg|thumb|250px|]]
21: [[Image:Music instru3.jpg|thumb|250px|]]
54: ...ontaneously improvised works like those of [[free jazz]] performers and [[African]] drummers.
55: ...tage]], occurs within some kind of [[time]], and thus employs [[time]] as a musical element. - Definitions of music (17609 bytes)
12: ...ica mundana]] designated the proportions of the [[human body]]. These were thought to reflect the prop...
19: In Czech, ''hudba'' is instrumental music and only by implicatio...
44: ...ocks and bits of wood, it is only in the past one hundred years or so that the idea that music could o...
46: ...n from the music (the humming of the lights, the shuffling of the audience, the sound of traffic outsi...
62: ...rovised performances are equally valued. In folk, jazz, and some popular music variation and reinterpret... - Bassoon (11661 bytes)
37: ...nt has over a dozen keys to be controlled by the thumb (the exact number varies depending on model).
39: ...rol through the use of breath support and [[embouchure]]. Players are also able to use alternate finge...
45: * [[Johann Nepomuk Hummel]], Bassoon Concerto in F, W75
66: ==Jazz and improvised music==
67: While bassoon is rather rare in [[jazz]] and [[free improvisation]], there have been a f... - Clarinet (18825 bytes)
20: ...ips — such instruments are less affected by humidity, but are heavier than the equivalent wood i...
33: ...d the mouthpiece and reed is called the ''[[embouchure]]''.
35: .... Some performers employ a single barrel with a thumbwheel that enables the barrel length to be alter...
37: ...lower joint on what is misleadingly called the ''thumb-rest''.
59: ===Jazz=== - Bass clarinet (3454 bytes)
1: [[Image:Bassclarinet.jpg|right|thumb|150px|A typical Bass clarinet]]
10: ...hony [[orchestra]]s and as a solo instrument in [[jazz]]. They almost universally play the bass part (u...
21: * ''[[Symphony No. 3]]'', by [[William Schuman]] has a large duet for bass clarinet and snare...
26: ==Bass clarinet in Jazz==
27: ...ile the bass clarinet was seldom heard in early [[jazz]] compositions, a bass clarinet solo by [[Omer Si... - Oboe (5230 bytes)
1: [[Image:Oboe.jpg|thumbnail|50px|right|Modern Oboe]]
3: ...] and air-pressure allows the player to express a huge range of emotions and moods.
9: ... pitch are also possible by adjusting the [[embouchure]].
15: [[Image:Baroque_oboe.jpg|right|thumbnail|60px|Baroque Oboe, Stanesby Copy]]
22: ...mbination system whereas the French system has a thumbplate added. - Recorder (12954 bytes)
1: ...corder -- but we could hardly call this an "embouchure". This is similar to the functioning of the anc...
3: ...th [[Brandenburg concerto]] in G major (though [[Thurston Dart]] mistakenly suggested that it was inte...
7: ...the Rolling Stones]], [[Jimi Hendrix]]. Prominent jazz musician [[Keith Jarrett]] has even recorded an e... - Sarrusophone (1431 bytes)
7: A very unusual example of the sarrusophone in [[jazz]] is on the [[1924]] recording by [[Clarence Will... - Saxophone (14311 bytes)
3: ...with [[popular music]], [[big band]] music, and [[jazz]], but it was originally intended as both an [[or...
9: ...nets and ophicleides were manufactured there. The Hungarian/Roumanian [[tarogato]], which is quite sim...
25: ... allowing effects such as note bending, common in jazz. Classical players usually opt for a mouthpiece ...
40: [[Image:Clinton Yeltsin sax.jpg|right|thumb|250px|[[Bill Clinton]] plays the tenor saxophon...
43: ...ecent decades, beginning first with the work of [[jazz]] saxophonist [[John Coltrane]], and the bass, so... - Alto saxophone (1789 bytes)
1: [[Image:sax.JPG|thumb|thumb|Alto saxophone]]
8: ...reat versatility and is used commonly in concert, jazz, funk, blues, pop, and rock music.
10: ... New alto saxophones range greatly in price from hundreds of dollars to several thousands. - Shakuhachi (6042 bytes)
1: [[Image:JapaneseShakuhachiSection.jpg|thumb|125px|A [[shakuhachi]], showing its ''utaguchi'...
14: Thus, "shaku-hachi" means "one foot eight" (almost 55...
16: ...yer blows into a duct, also called "fipple", and thus has limited pitch control. The shakuhachi playe...
18: ...ensemble music with koto and samisen, folk music, jazz, modern music.
48: ...ed in western genres of music, including [[smooth jazz]] and rock music, especially after being commonly...
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