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- Steel (28384 bytes)
21: ...effects of [[metal fatigue]]. Large amounts of chromium and nickel (often 18 and 8 %, respectively) ...
32: ...e as a byproduct of copper and bronze production throughout the bronze age.
36: ...]], iron tools and weapons displaced bronze ones throughout the near east. This process appears to ha...
38: ... furnace where [[bellows]] was used to force air through a pile of iron ore and burning [[charcoal]]. ...
46: ...d by [[300 BC]], iron was the material of choice throughout China for most tools and weapons. A mass ... - Maria Theresa of Austria (8450 bytes)
1: ...Theresa), ruler of the [[Habsburg Empire]] from [[1740]]-[[1780]]. Also see [[Maria Theresa of Spain]], ...
4: ..., and Queen of [[Hungary]] and [[Bohemia]] from [[1740]] to [[1780]]. She became empress when her husba...
6: ...Sanction when it was issued, on Charles' death ([[1740]]) the [[War of Austrian Succession]] began.
12: ...], and [[King of Bohemia|Queen of Bohemia]]: 1737-1740
14: ...gary]], and [[King of Bohemia|Queen of Bohemia]]: 1740-1741 - Anna of Russia (5221 bytes)
3: ...to 1730 and as Empress of [[Russia]] from 1730 to 1740.
5: ==Ascension to the throne==
19: ... considerable influence over her policies. His archrival, the anti-German cabinet minister [[Artemy Pe...
24: ...harles VI]], ([[Holy Roman Emperor]] from 1711 to 1740), and committed Russia during the [[War of the Po...
28: ...dants of [[Peter the Great]] from inheriting the throne. - Elizabeth of Russia (14144 bytes)
3: ...ountry into the [[War of Austrian succession]] ([[1740]] - [[1748]]) and the [[Seven Years War]] (1756-6...
7: ...olitical opponents to challenge her right to the throne.
19: ...d the daughter of Peter the Great on the Russian throne. As a matter of fact, beyond lending the [[tse...
25: Thus, at the age of three-and-thirty, this naturally indolent and self-in...
37: ... forces to oppose the entry into, or the passage through, Germany of the troops of every foreign power... - Scientific revolution (17675 bytes)
42: ...[Ptolemy|Ptolemaic]] theory of the solar system. Through their combined discoveries, the heliocentric ...
46: ...evolutionised by people like [[Robert Hooke]], [[Christiaan Huygens]] and, once again, Isaac Newton, w...
54: ...t changes were in the way that science was done. Three main developments can be identified as [[mathem...
66: ...f systematic experimentation was slowly accepted throughout the scientific community. Bacon's philosop...
68: ...nto a mechanical, mathematical world to be known through experimental research. Though it is certainly... - Sheng (instrument) (1217 bytes)
5: ... and brought the first shengs back to Europe in [[1740]] and [[1777]] respectively, although some believ... - Iraq (19222 bytes)
1: ...ia]] at the confluence of the [[Tigris]] and [[Euphrates]] Rivers and also including the southern [[Ku...
49: ...m's absolute and particularly bloody rule lasted throughout the [[Iran-Iraq War]] ([[1980]]–[[19...
62: ...tem for the council effectively ensures that all three of Iraq's major ethnic groups are represented. ...
70: ...- ''muhafadhah'', Kurdish: پاریزگه ''Pⲩzgah''). Particularly...
97: ...], but the area between the two major rivers [[Euphrates]] and [[Tigris]] is fertile, with the rivers ... - Afghanistan (23568 bytes)
5: ...1604;ت اسلامی افغانست...
60: ...entral Asia]], has had a very turbulent history. Through the ages, the region today known as ''Afghani...
62: ...ingdom]] until King [[Amanullah]] acceded to the throne in [[1919]] (see "[[The Great Game]]").
66: ...erthrow), [[1996]] (overthrow) and [[2001]] (overthrow).
178: ...lected by district councils of each province for three years, and one-third are appointed by the presi... - Vermont (39851 bytes)
38: ...es granted by the [[Province of New Hampshire]], through their [[Green Mountain Boys]] militia, eventu...
44: ...ic center is [[Washington, Vermont|Washington]], three miles east of [[Roxbury, Vermont|Roxbury]].
54: ...west recorded temperature was –50 degrees Fahrenheit (–46 degrees Celsius), at [[Bloomfiel...
72: ... of [[George II of Great Britain|George II]] in [[1740]]. In [[1741]], George II ruled that Massachusett...
90: ...ously staged an [[Robbery|armed robbery]] of the three banks in the town. They announced that they wer... - List of inventors (14020 bytes)
51: ...ur C. Clarke]], (born 1917),[[England]], [[geosynchronous satellite]]
52: *[[Christopher Cockerell]], (1910-1999;) (1886-1972) &md...
112: *[[John Harrison]], (1693-1776) — marine chronometer
156: *[[Montgolfier]] brothers, (1740-1810) and (1745-1799), [[France]] — hot-air...
164: ...7) — reflecting telescope (which reduces [[chromatic aberration]]) - Politics (7193 bytes)
30: ...timacy]]''' is an attribute of government gained through the application of power in accordance with r...
34: ...tite classification of authority]]). He proposed three reasons why people followed the orders of those...
78: [[fa:سیاست]]
82: [[hr:Politika]] - Timeline of United States pre-history (1700-1759) (3760 bytes)
21: === [[1740s]] ===
22: *[[1740]] - [[King George's War]] ([[War of the Austrian ... - Colonial America (32872 bytes)
11: ...fit immensely. It was in this atmosphere that [[Christopher Columbus]] left Spain on his famous westw...
16: ...] and national assertiveness blossomed under the threat of Spanish invasion, assisted by a degree of [...
25: ...irginia|Jamestown]] - named after the recently enthroned [[James I of England|James I]] - very nearly ...
44: ...orm it by setting an example of a holy community through the society they were to build in the New Wor...
60: ...itan community were expected to be active in all three of these organizations, ensuring the moral, pol... - Sundial (16148 bytes)
26: ...] to clock time. There is a 15 minute variation through the year, known as the [[equation of time]], ...
72: ...t|Wall sundial on East-facing wall, Prague, about 1740]]
99: == Precision sundials (heliochronometers) ==
101: A precision sundial, called a '''heliochronometer''',
105: Heliochronometers usually indicate the minutes to within 1... - List of popes (77758 bytes)
6: ...[[Bishop]] of [[Rome]], [[Vicar]] of [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], Successor of [[St. Peter]], [[Prince]] of t...
179: | <small>Died a martyr, through extreme hardship; feast day [[16 September]]<...
696: ...rt of the Vatican's official list of popes. Died three days after his election, prior to his consecrat...
1841: | <small>[[12 July]] [[1730]] to [[6 February]] [[1740]]</small>
1848: | <small>[[17 August]] [[1740]] to [[3 May]] [[1758]]</small> - Age of Enlightenment (36312 bytes)
14: ... became central to the Enlightenment from Newton through to Jefferson.
20: ...lief in a comprehensible world, under an orderly Christian God, provided much of the impetus for philo...
43: ...s of the Enlightenment, credible reports, viewed through the lens of reason annealed knowledge, empiri...
47: ...al discipline began with the work of [[Gotthold Ephraim Lessing]] and [[Johann Gottfried Herder]]. Bot...
57: ... end the [[Roman Catholic Church]], and indeed [[Christianity]] in France, in addition to changing the... - List of sculptors (9151 bytes)
18: *[[John Bacon]] (1740 - 1799)
28: *[[Wilfried Behre]]
264: *[[Johan Tobias Sergel]] (1740 - 1814) - Montgolfier brothers (3356 bytes)
3: ...'''Joseph-Michel Montgolfier''' ([[August 26]], [[1740]] – [[June 26]], [[1810]]) and '''Jacques-É... - List of philosophers (79981 bytes)
50: *[[Alexander of Aphrodisias]], (2nd century){{fn|C}}{{fn|R}}
145: *[[Christoph Gottfried Bardili]], (1761-1808)
218: *[[Niels Bohr]], (1885-1962){{fn|O}}{{fn|R}}
347: *[[Christine de Pizan]], (c. 1365-c. 1430){{fn|R}}
348: *[[Andrea Christofidou]] - Celsius (3635 bytes)
8: |Celsius ||Fahrenheit ||°F = °C × 1.8 + 32
10: |[[Fahrenheit]] ||Celsius ||°C = (°F – 32) ...
18: ...ns (1743), and the botanist [[Carolus Linnaeus]] (1740); also independently invented the same measuremen...
24:
26: ...s as some of the British populace still use the Fahrenheit scale. Even so, many that do will still swi...
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