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  1. Immune system (14564 bytes)
    1: ...he [[organ system]] that protects an [[organism]] from outside biological influences. In the broad sen...
    6: ...sequences, and enzymes that protect their own DNA from this enzyme by [[methylation|methylating]] the ...
    11: ...] and [[autoimmune disorder|autoimmunity]]) arise from failures of discriminatory systems.
    23: ...owever, most organisms are under constant assault from pathogens, which must be kept in check by the f...
    28: ...udes barriers to infection such as [[skin]] and [[mucus]] coating of the [[gut]] and [[airways]], physica...
  2. Colon (anatomy) (1808 bytes)
    3: ...um]]. Its primary purpose is to extract [[water]] from [[feces]]. In [[mammal]]s, it consists of the [...
    22: ...water]] is removed, while the chyme is mixed with mucus and bacteria, and becomes feces. The large intest...
  3. Pulmonary alveolus (8193 bytes)
    16: ...e down a [[concentration gradient]]. Oxygen moves from the alveoli (high oxygen concentration) to the ...
    20: ...eflex]] [[coughing]] and [[sneezing]] to dislodge mucus contaminated with dust particles or micro-organis...
    23: ... higher because carbon dioxide enters the alveoli from the pulmonary capillaries.
    52: ... causes increased coughing in order to remove the mucus, and is often a result of extended periods of exp...
    54: ...ort of chloride ions. This causes huge amounts of mucus to clog the bronchiolites, simular to chronic bro...
  4. Nose (3059 bytes)
    2: ..., which catch airborne particles and prevent them from reaching the lungs. Within and behind the nose...
    4: ...and/or humidifying it) and by reclaiming moisture from the air before it is exhaled (as occurs most ef...
    10: ...to spread to the brain. For this reason, the area from the corners of the mouth to the bridge of the n...
    12: ...ient themselves-even when blindfolded and removed from such external clues as sunlight-to within a few...
    24: *[[mucus]]
  5. Stomach (5970 bytes)
    1: ...imary function is not the absorption of nutrients from digested food; this task is usually performed b...
    4: [[Image:Stomach_diagram.gif|right|frame|The location of the stomach in the body.]]
    8: ...me]]s required for the digestion of [[cellulose]] from [[plant]] matter. The partially digested plant ...
    14: [[Image:Stomach2.gif|right|frame|Diagram of the stomach, showing the different ...
    16: ...e [[pancreas]], and the [[greater omentum]] hangs from the ''greater curvature''.
  6. Epithelium (4397 bytes)
    1: ...ide of blood vessels) or external (e.g. [[skin]]) free surfaces of the body.
    16: ...mnar epithelial cells and secrete [[mucus]]. The free surface of the columnar cell has tiny hairlike ...
  7. Symbiosis (4279 bytes)
    15: ... (a special mucus on the anemone fish protects it from the stinging tentacles).
    24: ...e perceived as a continuum of interaction ranging from parasitism to mutualism. In fact, the direction...
  8. Cilium (3845 bytes)
    3: ...(plural ''cilia'') is an [[organelle]] projecting from a [[eukaryote|eukaryotic]] [[cell (biology)|cel...
    8: ...iduct]]s, the beating of cilia moves the [[ovum]] from the [[ovary]] to the [[uterus]].
    13: ...m may also be used to emphasize their differences from bacterial flagella.
    15: ...called a '''[[basal body]]'''. Basal body is made from the [[centriole]], which migrates to the cell s...
  9. Canopic jar (2086 bytes)
    10: ... mucus), but was liquefied and completely drained from the corpse through the nostrils.
  10. Leech (8356 bytes)
    16: ...ined by attaching themselves to fish, amphibians (frogs etc.), and mammals. The [[medicinal leech]], '...
    18: ... to a host for feeding. They use a combination of mucus and suction (caused by concentric muscles in thos...
    24: All leeches are from one of three orders:
    26: ...-water habitat, the Pisciolidae are found in both fresh-water and sea-water habitats.
    28: ...families. The Erpobdellidae are some species from freshwater habitats.
  11. Urethra (2931 bytes)
    24: ...urethral glands, that help protect the epithelium from the corrosive urine.
  12. Mussel (4840 bytes)
    17: ... The saltwater mussels (family [[Mytilidae]]) and freshwater mussels (family [[Unionidae]]) are not th...
    21: ...ect it from predators and desiccation. Protruding from a valve is an enlarged structure called the ''u...
    26: ...e [[cilia]] located on the [[gill]]s for cilliary-mucus feeding. The waste water exits out through the ex...
    33: ...sh's fins or gills. They grow and then break free from the host and drop to the bottom of the water. I...
    38: ...te seas of the northern and southern hemispheres. Freshwater mussels are common in rivers and streams.
  13. Sea anemone (3337 bytes)
    18: ...zoochlorella]]e or both. The sea anemone benefits from the products of the algae's photosynthesis, nam...
    20: ...one benefits because the anemone gets food scraps from the clownfish.
  14. Tobacco (28162 bytes)
    14: ... whose roots are unclear; it is thought to derive from the [[Native American]] word "tabago," for a Y-...
    16: ...f of a cigar or three cigarettes; however, only a fraction of the nicotine contained in these products...
    26: ...e Americans]], and also soon led to the use of [[African slaves]] for cheap labor.
    28: ... the colony's first black slaves as well as women from England in [[1619]].
    39: ...ed with branches to protect the young plants from frost damage. These plants were left to grow until a...
  15. Basking Shark (7122 bytes)
    24: ...placoid [[scale (zoology)|scale]]s and a layer of mucus, a pointed snout (which is distincly hooked in yo...
    32: ...ately [[filter feeder|filtering]] [[zooplankton]] from the water at a rate of 1,500 m³ or more pe...
    42: ...and at a length of between 4.6-6 metres. Breeding frequency is also unknown, but is thought to be 2-4 ...
  16. Discus Fish (4433 bytes)
    15: '''Discus''' are freshwater [[perciform]] [[fish]], peculiar [[cichli...
    17: ...cus is its flattened body shape. It is compressed from the sides to a dish or discus shape. Although p...
    21: ...lack of protection. The best cohabitants may be [[freshwater angelfish|angelfish]] (although many aqua...
    23: ...h themselves on the sides of discus and eat their mucus membranes.
    30: ...r]] where it drains into the [[Amazon River]] and from the [[Trombetas River|Trombetas]] and [[Abacaxi...
  17. Slugs (3980 bytes)
    14: ...th very small shells, in contrast with [[snail]]s from which they evolved, which have a prominent shel...
    23: ==Mucus==
    24: ...oot to the edges,the thick mucus spreads out from front to back.
    26: Mucus is very important to slugs as it helps them move ...
    27: ...ent the slug from sliding down vertical surfaces. Mucus also provides protection against predators and he...
  18. Moon Jelly (10363 bytes)
    17:
    18:
    21: ...[[ovum]] from a female [[medusa]] and a [[sperm]] from a different medusa to form a [[zygote]]. The zy...
    25: From mid July to October is when the growth of ''A. ...
    29: ...ains its presence worldwide. Medusae appear more frequently in shallow water that is open to the ocea...

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