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- Catherine de' Medici (7484 bytes)
7: ...ddressed Catherine as his niece, he was in fact a first cousin of her grandfather. It was the pope wh...
15: ...the moderate counsels of l'H?al to avoid siding definitely with either party, but her character and th...
17: ... statesmanship in particular as a career in which finesse, lying, and assassination were the most admi...
19: ...nking her influence menaced, sought to regain it, first by the murder of Coligny, and, after that fail...
21: In her taste for art and her love of magnificence and luxury, Catherine was a true Medici; her... - Lorenzo de' Medici (6381 bytes)
4: Known as ''Lorenzo the Magnificent'' (''il Magnifico'') by his contemporary Florentines, he was a gl...
12: ...orenzo and the entire government of Florence, and finally put the city under [[interdict]]. When that ...
16: ...s out of Italy. He also tried to create a more unified Italy, with little success.
20: Another of Lorenzo's successes was in the fields of art and learning; he gathered at his court...
22: ...th century]] [[Renaissance]] Europe. Although his financial straits made it impossible for him to comm...
Page text matches
- Amerigo Vespucci (3736 bytes)
12: ...ased the new name on the Latin form of Vespucci's first name, taking the feminine form ''America''. (S...
14: ...y 10th]] of that year). Little is known about the final voyage.
22: ...the European public learned about America for the first time; its existence became generally known thr... - Catherine de' Medici (7484 bytes)
7: ...ddressed Catherine as his niece, he was in fact a first cousin of her grandfather. It was the pope wh...
15: ...the moderate counsels of l'H?al to avoid siding definitely with either party, but her character and th...
17: ... statesmanship in particular as a career in which finesse, lying, and assassination were the most admi...
19: ...nking her influence menaced, sought to regain it, first by the murder of Coligny, and, after that fail...
21: In her taste for art and her love of magnificence and luxury, Catherine was a true Medici; her... - Diane de Poitiers (2609 bytes)
1: ...ber 3]], [[1499]] - [[April 25]], [[1566]]) was a fixture at the courts of several [[France|French]] k...
5: ...France|King Henri II]]. Although King Henri II fulfilled his duty by marrying the noble foreigner [[Ca...
9: ... that the King trusted her to write many of his official letters and to even sign them jointly with th... - Marguerite de Valois (5364 bytes)
12: ...d an icy reception. Determined to overcome her difficulties, Queen Marguerite master-minded a coup d'e...
18: ==Marguerite de Valois in fiction==
20: ...vel was famously adapted into a [[1994]] [[French film]], ''[[La Reine Margot (1994 movie)|La Reine Ma... - Mary I of Scotland (27810 bytes)
9: ...y, Queen of Scots, is sometimes confused with her first cousin once removed, [[Mary I of England]] ("B...
14: ...t, because the legitimacy of Robert's children of first marriage were questionable. Females and female...
33: ...Duke of Somerset]] by Edward VI) arrived in the [[Firth of Forth]] hoping to capture [[Edinburgh]] and...
37: ...sailed back to France from Dumbarton carrying the five-year-old Queen of Scots on board.
40: ...was sent to [[France]] in [[1548]], at the age of five, to be brought up for the next ten years at the... - Marie Antoinette (40871 bytes)
4: ...in honour of Saint John the Evangelist. A court official described the new baby as "a small, but compl...
6: ...d]], and Ferdinand-Karl ? already had important official roles within the [[Hapsburg]] Empire.
7: ...as considered one of the most brilliant political figures in Europe.]]
15: ...eing going on intermittently since [[1494]] would finally end. [[Louis XV]]'s heir was his grandson, L...
22: ...ing, Marie-Antoinette was presented with the magnificent jewels which traditionally belonged to a Fren... - Artemisia Gentileschi (23093 bytes)
1: ...21) Oil on canvas 199 x 162 cm Galleria degli [[Uffizi]], Florence]]
3: ... Arte del Disegno]] in Florence. She was also the first female artist to paint history and religious p...
7: ...was born in [[Rome]], on [[July 8]] [[1593]], the first child of the painter [[Orazio Gentileschi]], o...
10: The first work of the young 17-years old Artemisia (even...
14: ... using a device made of thongs wrapped around the fingers and tighted by degrees — a particularl... - Renaissance (14795 bytes)
1: ...vement]] which brought about a period of [[scientific revolution]] and artistic transformation, at the...
5: ...[19th century]]. ''Rebirth'' is used in two ways. First, it means ''rediscovery'' of ancient classical...
10: ...cularly useful because it eliminates the need for fitting "The Renaissance" into a chronology that pre...
17: ...Fiore.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The [[Santa Maria del Fiore]] church of [[Florence]], [[Italy]]. Florence ...
19: ... Alighieri|Dante]] ([[1265]]–[[1321]]), the first writer to embody the spirit of the Renaissance... - Galileo Galilei (33761 bytes)
2: ...]. The work of Galileo is considered to be a significant break from that of [[Aristotle]]. In additio...
7: ...rsity of Pisa]], but was forced to "drop out" for financial reasons. However, he was offered a positio...
10: ...losophy]] or religion. These are the primary justifications for his description as "father of science....
18: ...makers. His work on the device also made for a profitable sideline with merchants who found it useful ...
20: ...humb|200px|right|It was on this page that Galileo first noted an observation of the [[natural satellit... - List of Renaissance figures (6600 bytes)
13: ...*[[Lorenzo de' Medici]] (a.k.a. ''Lorenzo il Magnifico'')
23: ...[[Catherine Jagellonica of Poland]] (duchess of [[Finland]], queen of [[Sweden]])
45: ==Religious figures==
127: * [[Filippo Brunelleschi]]
137: * [[Rosso Fiorentino]] - Plato (17363 bytes)
4: ...er suspect (e.g., ''[[First Alcibiades (dialogue)|First Alcibiades]]'', ''[[Clitophon (dialogue)|Clito...
20: ...thought and attention on the consideration of his first principles: are they or are they not rightly l...
24: In Plato's writings one finds debates concerning the best possible form of g...
27: ...opic by asking questions of one another. Socrates figures prominently and a lively, more disorganized ...
29: ...-and-answer style is more ''pro forma'': the main figure represents Plato and the minor characters hav... - January 1 (18244 bytes)
1: ...uary 1 was to be either [[New Year's Day]] or the first day of its numbered year. Although England beg...
6: *[[45 BC]] - The [[Julian calendar]] first takes effect.
16: *[[1788]] - First edition of ''[[The Times]]'' of [[London]], pr...
19: *[[1801]] - The first known [[asteroid]] [[1 Ceres]] is discovered b...
22: ...ein|Frankenstein, or The Modern Prometheus]]'' is first published. - List of popes (77758 bytes)
1: [[Image:treimann.summi_pontifices_in_hac_basilica_sepulti.jpg|thumb|Popes buried...
4: ...holic Church]]. The title itself has been used officially by the head of the Roman Catholic Church si...
13: ! width="18%" | Pontificate
29: | <small>Executed by crucifixion upside-down; feast day ([[SS Peter & Paul]]) ...
167: ! width="18%" | Pontificate - Donatello (10376 bytes)
2: ...|right|thumb|150px|Statue of Donatello at the [[Uffizi]]]]
7: ...ntually construct the cupola of [[Santa Maria del Fiore]] in Florence, while Donatello acquired his kn...
10: ...stinct elements of the classical ideal. All these figures were carved in marble and are admirably conc...
14: ...inally occupied a niche at Orsanmichele, were the first works in bronze which owed their origin to the...
16: ...and of the pulpit of [[Basilica di San Lorenzo di Firenze|San Lorenzo]] in Florence. - Fra Angelico (13116 bytes)
1: ...e," which is merely the name of the town where he first took the vows. His life was described in [[Gio...
7: ... death, but was not properly [[beatification|beatified]] until [[1984]].
9: ...f [[Cosimo de' Medici]]. According to Vasari, the first paintings of this artist were in the [[Certosa...
13: ...he ''Coronation of the Virgin'' in the convent of Fiesole, and the ''Deposition of Christ'' executed f...
15: ...rnina]]. From [[1418]] to [[1436]] he was back at Fiesole; in 1436 he was transferred to the Dominican... - Sandro Botticelli (8995 bytes)
1: '''Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi''', better known as '''Sandro Botticelli'''...
3: ...Pudica'' for a new view of pagan [[Antiquity]] (Uffizi, Florence)]]
5: ... the set the ''Fortitude'', dated 1470 in the [[Uffizi Gallery]] . He was an apprentice too of [[Andre...
9: ...png|frame|right|Botticelli's ''Venus'' graces the first of the [[Italian euro coins]] (2002)]]
11: He was influenced in his art by [[Fra Filippo Lippi]] and [[Antonio Pollaiuolo]]. The repe... - Baldassare Castiglione (7242 bytes)
10: ...n his duties would have included representative offices for the court; for instance, he accompanied hi...
13: Urbino was at that time the most refined and elegant among [[Italy|Italian]] courts, a ...
15: ...eclogue ''Tirsi'' in which allusively, beyond the figures of three shepherds, he originally depicts th...
21: ...[[1521]] Pope Leo X conceded him the ''tonsura'' (first sacerdotal ceremony) and here begins Castiglio...
25: ... letter in which the nuncius used hard terms to define the ''Sacco'' and Valdes' comments. - Leonardo Bruni (2706 bytes)
2: ...[chancellor of Florence]]. He has been called the first modern historian.
6: ... during his time in office. He was succeeded in office by [[Carlo Marsuppini]].
8: ==Significance==
10: ...conception can be found with [[Petrarch]] who had first written, a generation earlier, about a [[Dark ... - Niccolo Machiavelli (11084 bytes)
1: ...a [[1500]], in the robes of a Florentine public official]]
3: ...omedic [[playwright]]. Machiavelli was also a key figure in [[realist]] [[political theory]], crucial ...
6: ...[Image:Macchiavelli01.jpg|thumb|Statue at the [[Uffizi]]]]
7: [[Image:Firenze.PalVecchio.Machiavelli.JPG|thumb|200px|Bust ...
10: ... his son, [[Cesare Borgia]], and these characters fill a large space of ''The Prince''. - Florence (11538 bytes)
1: '''Florence''' ([[Italian language|Italian]], ''Firenze'') is a city in the center of [[Tuscany]], i...
3: ...naissance]]. Florence is famous for its wealth of fine [[art]] and [[architecture]].
5: ...nceSymbol-giglio.png|thumb|right|127px|"Giglio di Firenze" - symbol of the city]]
7: ...ght|thumb|300px|An Overview of Florence (Italian: Firenze)]]
23: ...[[Cosimo de%27 Medici|Cosimo de' Medici]] was the first Medici family member to essentially control th...
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