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- Biological life cycle (3738 bytes)
1: ...eproduction]]). To return to the haploid stage, [[meiosis]] occurs (see [[Cell division]]).
3: ...hase). Sporic meiosis, on the other hand, has two meiosis events ('''diplobiontic'''): one in each phase.
5: == Zygotic meiosis ==
7: [[Image:Zygotic meiosis.png|thumb|250px|Zygotic meiosis]]
9: ...e types of gametes (e.g., male and female) from these individuals or cells fuse to become a zygote. - Ploidy (4598 bytes)
1: ...lyploidy]], is not uncommon in healthy plant species.
3: ...ecies, for example the euploid number of chromosomes in a human cell is 46.
8: ...organisms that only ever have one set of chromosomes, the term '''monoploid''' can be used interchanga...
10: ...mes halved by randomly "choosing" one homologue, resulting in haploid germ cells ([[sperm]] and [[ovum...
13: ...ome]] (both sex- and non-sex determining chromosomes), usually one from the [[mother]] and one from th... - Chromosome (12667 bytes)
1: ...the two chromatids touch, and where the microtubules attach. (3) Short arm. (4) Long arm.]]
2: ...]] proved that chromosomes are the carriers of genes.
4: == Chromosomes in eukaryotes ==
5: .... The ends of the chromosomes are special structures called ''[[telomere]]s''. DNA replication begins ...
7: ==Chromosomes in bacteria== - Animal (16429 bytes)
8: [[Sponge|Porifera]] (sponges)<br>
9: [[Ctenophora]] (comb jellies)<br>
18: ... [[Chordate|Chordata]] (vertebrates, etc.)<br>
32: [[Platyhelminthes]] (flatworms)<br>
49: ...ent]] as [[embryo]]s, although some undergo a process of [[metamorphosis (biology)|metamorphosis]] lat... - Cell (biology) (28190 bytes)
2: ...[human]]s, are [[multicellular]], (humans have an estimated 100,000 billion = 10<sup>14</sup> cells).
3: ...ontain the [[genetics|hereditary information]] necessary for regulating cell functions and for transmi...
5: ...as chosen by [[Robert Hooke]] because of the likeness he saw between [[cork (material)|cork]] cells an...
8: ===Properties of cells===
9: ...ight|190px|Mouse cells grown in a culture dish. These cells grow in large clumps but each individual c... - Centriole (976 bytes)
1: ...hila'', nine doublet microtubules. The microtubules which make up the '''centriole''' are very stable...
3: Two centrioles are arranged perpendicularly in the centre of the...
5: ... through the process of [[mitosis]] and in male [[meiosis]]. - Nuclear envelope (959 bytes)
1: ...the [[cytosol]]. The space between the two membranes that make up the nuclear envelope is called the p...
3: Numerous [[nuclear pore|nuclear pores]] are present on the nuclear envelope to facilitate and regu...
5: ...[[lamin]], that plays a role in [[mitosis]] and [[meiosis]]. - Eukaryote (9230 bytes)
1: ...{Taxobox_begin | color = #e0d0b0 | name = Eukaryotes}}
17: ..., or [[three-domain system|domain]]. The name comes from the Greek ''eus'' or true and ''karyon'' or ...
19: ...ia cell fusion, which is not found among prokaryotes.
23: == Internal membranes ==
25: ...organelles are ultimately derived from such vesicles. - Evolution (27661 bytes)
1: [[Image:Charles Darwin.jpg|right|frame|[[Charles Darwin]], father of the theory of evolution by [[...
3: ...enerations, including the emergence of new [[species]]. Since the development of modern [[genetics]] i...
4: ...on'' is used more generally to refer to any [[process]] of change over time.
6: ... [[natural selection]], [[genetic drift]] or changes in population structure ([[gene flow]]).
8: ...hare a common ancestor. It also is often used to describe the mechanisms through which evolution acts ... - Fern (7930 bytes)
7: ...ivision | color = lightgreen| plural_taxon = Classes}}
13: ...nt]] that does not produce [[seed]]s, but reproduces by [[spore]]s to initiate an [[alternation of gen...
16: ...pical fern consists of two distinct stages or phases (see [[alternation of generations]] for an explan...
17: ...te]] ([[diploid]]) phase produces [[spore]]s by [[meiosis]]
19: # Prothallus produces [[gametes]] - Cell (29541 bytes)
2: ...[human]]s, are [[multicellular]], (humans have an estimated 100,000 billion = 10<sup>14</sup> cells).
3: ...ontain the [[genetics|hereditary information]] necessary for regulating cell functions and for transmi...
5: ...as chosen by [[Robert Hooke]] because of the likeness he saw between [[cork (material)|cork]] cells an...
8: ===Properties of cells===
9: ...ight|190px|Mouse cells grown in a culture dish. These cells grow in large clumps but each individual c... - Cell division (1579 bytes)
2: '''Cell division''' is the process of a [[cell (biology)|biological cell]] (called ...
4: ...kinesis]]. A [[diploid]] cell may also undergo [[meiosis]] to produce haploid cells, usually four. [[Hapl...
6: ...Cells stop dividing because the [[telomere|telomeres]], protective bits of DNA on the end of a [[chrom...
13: ...va/baby/divide.html How Cells Divide: Mitosis vs. Meiosis] - Mitosis (8111 bytes)
3: ... in [[gamete]] formation and other similar processes.
8: ...econd growth phase; and M, where the nucleus divides through mitosis. Mitosis is divided into prophas...
10: ... the centrosomes and nucleus of a cell in the process of mitotic division. (Sch䦥r.) I to III, propha...
11: ...hole procedure is very similar among most eukaryotes, with only minor variations. As [[prokaryote]]s ...
13: == Phases == - Moss (8361 bytes)
1: ...''This is an article about the plant. For other uses, see [[Moss (disambiguation)]]''
9: ...ion | color = lightgreen | plural_taxon = Subclasses}}
19: ... lobes or segmented leaves,and the absence of leaves arranged in three ranks all point to the plant be...
21: ...lants, for example, the haploid generation is represented by the pollen and the ovule whilst the diplo...
25: ...lar antheridium) and are enclosed by modified leaves called the perigonium (plural perigonia).
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