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- Periodic table (7298 bytes)
1: ...so that many [[chemical property|chemical properties]] vary regularly across the table. Each element i...
3: ...lements]] for more details or different perspectives.
6: ...ell]] electrons, which gives them similar properties.
9: ...eral systems as they confusingly used the same names to mean different things.
15: ...(standard)|standard table]] (same as above) provides the basics. - List of elements by symbol (14812 bytes)
1: ==Symbols currently recognized by [[IUPAC]]==
28: <tr><td>Cs</td><td>[[caesium]]</td><td>55</td><td></td></tr>
34: <tr><td>Es</td><td>[[einsteinium]]</td><td>99</td><td></td><...
59: <tr><td>Mg</td><td>[[magnesium]]</td><td>12</td><td></td></tr>
60: <tr><td>Mn</td><td>[[manganese]]</td><td>25</td><td></td></tr> - Chemistry (12553 bytes)
5: ...oms interact to form [[molecules]] and how molecules interact with each other.
7: == Subdisciplines of chemistry ==
9: ...ically is divided into several major sub-disciplines. There are also several main cross-disciplinary a...
11: ... chemistry'' is the [[analysis]] of material samples to gain an understanding of their [[chemical comp...
15: ...istinction between organic and inorganic disciplines is not absolute and there is much overlap, most i... - Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen (8624 bytes)
2: ...sh; therefore most scientific and medical references to him are found under this spelling.
12: ...f his work with ionizing radiation because his investigations were only for a short time and he was on...
16: ... than the Lenard tube, might also cause this fluorescent effect.
18: ... tube. To be sure, he tried several more discharges and saw the same shimmering each time. Striking ...
20: ...rarily termed [[x-ray]]s, using the mathematical designation for something unknown. Although the new ... - Chemical element (8169 bytes)
1: ...ordinary [[chemistry|chemical]] methods. The smallest particle of such an element is an [[atom]], whic...
5: ...ificially through various methods of [[nucleosynthesis]].
7: ... [[half-life|half-lives]] so that any that were present at the formation of Earth have long since deca...
9: ...ich groups elements with similar chemical properties together.
11: ...ms. These are called [[allotropy|allotropes]], irrespective of the state. - Atomic mass (3063 bytes)
1: ...s the [[mass]] of one [[atom]] of the isotope expressed in units (''[[atomic mass unit]]'', amu) such ...
3: ...n isotope is approximately an integer: in most cases the first digit after the decimal point is 0 or 9...
5: ...y, and fusion in elements heavier than iron requires energy.
7: ...elative natural abundances of the element's isotopes. This is the atomic mass used in [[stoichiometric...
9: ...e term '''standard atomic weight''' (as used by [[IUPAC]] at this time) refers to the mean relative atomi... - Bohrium (3577 bytes)
14: ...="#ffc0c0" | <font color="black">'''Known properties'''</font>
19: | [[Chemical series]]
38: | Presumably a solid
43: ...Y. Oganessian at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at [[Dubna]], who produced isotope <sup>261<...
46: ...tadt were also able to confirm the Soviet team's results and produce bohrium, this time the longer-liv... - Caesium (11026 bytes)
4: | colspan="2" align="center" | '''Caesium''' – [[Barium]]
14: | Caesium, Cs, 55
16: | [[periodic table series|Series]]
22: | [[Density]], [[Mohs hardness scale|Hardness]]
28: ...gn="center" bgcolor="#FF6666" | '''Atomic properties''' - Darmstadtium (3185 bytes)
11: ... align=center bgcolor="#ffc0c0" |'''Known properties'''
15: |[[Chemical series]]||[[Transition metal]]s
23: ...d<sup>9</sup> 7[[s-orbital|s]]<sup>1</sup><br>a guess based upon [[platinum]]
27: |[[State of matter]]||Presumably a solid
29: ... of 7.6 s and 1.1 min, respectively. Due to its presence in Group 10 it is believed to likely be a shi... - Dubnium (4200 bytes)
13: ...="#ffc0c0" | <font color="black">'''Known properties'''</font>
18: | [[Chemical series]]
37: | presumably a solid
40: ...neutrons in a nucleus, one can alter the stabilities of such nuclei.
43: ...]]-243 with [[neon]]-22). In late April [[1970]] researchers led by [[Albert Ghiorso]] working at the ... - Hassium (3205 bytes)
14: ...or="#ffc0c0"><font color="black">'''Known properties'''</font></th></tr>
18: <td>[[Chemical series]] </td><td>[[Transit...
26: ...d<sup>6</sup> 7[[s-orbital|s]]<sup>2</sup><br>a guess based [[osmium]]</td></tr>
30: ...e of matter]] </td><td>Presumably a solid</td></tr>
37: ...rom the [[Latin]] name for the German state of [[Hessen]] where the institute is located. - Hydrogen (20221 bytes)
18: <td>[[Chemical series]] </td><td>[[nonmeta...
22: <td>[[Density]], [[Mohs hardness scale|Hardness]] </td><td>0.0899 [[kilogram per cubic metre|...
24: ... </td><td align="center">colorless<br />[[Image:H,1.jpg|125px|]]</td></tr>
26: ...r="#a0ffa0"><font color="green">'''Atomic properties'''</font></th></tr>
44: ..."#a0ffa0"><font color="green">'''Physical properties'''</font></th></tr> - Lawrencium (5210 bytes)
12: ...or="#ffc0c0"><font color="black">'''Known properties'''</font></th></tr>
16: <td>[[Chemical series]] </td><td>[[Actinid...
28: ...e of matter]] </td><td>presumably a solid</td></tr>
31: ...nthesized from [[californium]] and has no known uses.
34: ...ry work on a few atoms has indicated that it behaves similarly to the [[actinide]]s. - Aluminium (26079 bytes)
1: ...mber=13 | symbol=Al | name=aluminium | left=[[magnesium]] | right=[[silicon]] | above=[[boron|B]] | be...
2: {{Elementbox_series | [[poor metal]]s }}
17: {{Elementbox_vaporpressure_katpa | 1482 | 1632 | 1817 | 2054 | 2364 | 27...
20: {{Elementbox_oxistates | 3<br />([[amphoteric]] oxide) }}
22: {{Elementbox_ionizationenergies4 | 577.5 | 1816.7 | 2744.8 }} - Meitnerium (3364 bytes)
17: ...or="#ffc0c0"><font color="black">'''Known properties'''</font></th></tr>
21: <td>[[Chemical series]] </td><td>[[Transit...
33: ...e of matter]] </td><td>Presumably a solid</td></tr>
39: ...haft f?werionenforschung|Institute for Heavy Ion Research]] at [[Darmstadt]]. <br>
40: ...ment demonstrated that [[nuclear fusion]] techniques could be used to make new, heavy nuclei. - Niobium (10560 bytes)
19: | [[Chemical series]]
25: | [[Density]], [[Mohs hardness scale|Hardness]]
31: ...gn="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" | '''Atomic properties'''
57: ...="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" | '''Physical properties'''
69: | 10.83 [[scientific notation|×]]10<sup>-6</sup> [[cubic metre per mole|m<sup>3<... - Roentgenium (3150 bytes)
11: ... align=center bgcolor="#ffc0c0" |'''Known properties'''
15: |[[Chemical series]]||[[Transition metal]]s
27: |[[State of matter]]||Presumably a solid
29: ... and a [[half-life]] of 3.6 seconds. Due to its presence in Group 11 it is a [[transition metal]] and ...
33: ...f the chemical elements|first created]] at the [[Gesellschaft f?werionenforschung]] (GSI) in [[Darmsta... - Rutherfordium (3808 bytes)
14: ...="#ffc0c0" | <font color="black">'''Known properties'''</font>
19: | [[Chemical series]]
38: | Presumably a solid
41: ...e most stable [[isotope]] has a [[half life]] of less than [[1 E1 s|70 seconds]].
42: ...nt]] and it is predicted to have chemical properties similar to [[hafnium]]. - Seaborgium (4376 bytes)
13: ...or="#ffc0c0"><font color="black">'''Known properties'''</font></th></tr>
17: <td>[[Chemical series]]</td><td>[[Transition metal]]s</td></tr>
29: <td>[[State of matter]]</td><td>presumably a solid</td></tr>
31: ...[half-life]] of 21 seconds. Its chemistry resembles that of tungsten.
34: ... almost simultaneously by two different laboratories. - Sulfur (18059 bytes)
2: {{Elementbox_series | [[nonmetal]]s }}
19: {{Elementbox_vaporpressure_katpa | 375 | 408 | 449 | 508 | 591 | 717 | c...
22: {{Elementbox_oxistates | −1, ±2, 4, '''6'''<br />(strongly ...
24: {{Elementbox_ionizationenergies4 | 999.6 | 2252 | 3357 }}
31: ...ementbox_eresist_ohmmat20 | (amorphous)<br />2×10<sup>15</sup> }}
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