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- String instrument (8163 bytes)
1: ...] that produces [[sound]] by means of [[vibrating string]]s. In the [[Hornbostel-Sachs]] scheme of [[music...
3: ==Sound production in string instruments==
4: ...g|thumb|The string bass is often plucked or bowed depending on the genre and piece.]]
5: ...string instrument to produce sound, its string or strings must vibrate. There are three common ways of bri...
7: ...layed by drawing a [[bow (music)|bow]] across the strings.
Page text matches
- Dombra (1417 bytes)
3: The '''dombra''' is a long-necked, two-[[stringed instrument]], possessing a resonating chamber, ...
5: ..., modern dombras are usually produced using nylon strings.
9: ...|Soviet]] nations of the [[Commonwealth of Independent States]].
11: ...struments that differ very little from the dombra described here. [[Turkmenistan]] has the dutar. [[Ta...
14: * [[domra]] (a similarly pronounced Russian string instrument) - Sofia Gubaidulina (8325 bytes)
1: ...931]]) is a [[Russia]]n-[[Tatar]] [[composer]] of deeply religious music.
3: ...ervatory, graduating in 1954. In [[Moscow]] she undertook further studies at the Conservatory with Nik...
7: In the mid-1970s Gubaidulina founded Astreja, a folk-instrument improvisation group w...
11: ...). The two works together form a "diptych" on the death and resurrection of Christ, her largest work t...
15: ...f a bond...restoring the legato of life. Life divides man into many pieces...There is no weightier occ... - Bessie Smith (7284 bytes)
5: ...helped her develop a stage presence. Smith began developing her own act around [[1913]], at [[Atlanta...
7: ...Joe Smith]], [[Charlie Green]], and [[Fletcher Henderson]].
9: ...rson]]'s orchestra, the Hall Johnson Choir, and a string section--a musical environment that is radically ...
11: ...her old blues groove, but "Take Me For A Buggy Ride" and "Gimme a Pigfoot", are among her most popula...
13: ...on]]'s uncle) Richard Morgan. They were in an accident and Smith was severely injured. A doctor soon a... - Gastrointestinal tract (16596 bytes)
13: *[[Mouth]] (buccal cavity; includes [[salivary glands]], [[mucosa]], [[tooth|teeth]]...
16: *[[Stomach]], which includes the [[antrum]] and [[pylorus]]
19: ***'''[[duodenum]]'''
27: ****[[descending colon]] and [[sigmoid flexure]]
33: ...bile]] into the small intestine via the [[gallbladder]] and [[biliary system]]. The [[pancreas]] secr... - Music (16462 bytes)
11: *[[String instruments]]
16: ...ften considered an aspect of music, if it is considered to exist.
18: ... the expense of rhythm and timbre. John Cage considers duration the primary aspect of music because it...
20: ...actual performance but also how music is heard, understood, even learned." <sup>[[#Notes|6]]</sup>
25: ...mmon terms used to discuss particular pieces include [[note]], which is an abstraction which refers to... - Clavichord (3295 bytes)
3: ...bout the fourteenth century and continued to be made until the 1840s, and was revived by Arnold Dolmet...
5: ...d by varying the force of the tangent against the string, which is known as ''[[bebung]]'', and can be use...
7: ...ften built ''unfretted'', with a separate pair of strings for each key.
9: ... labelled ''organ'' by the composers and now regarded as organ repertoire were in fact more accurately...
13: ...Miklos Spanyi, and fine modern copies have been made by makers including Peter Bavington, Martin Kathe... - Definitions of music (17609 bytes)
1: ...c actually consists of is something that is still debated today.
4: ... by way of the Latin ''musica''. It is ultimately derived from ''mousa'', the Greek word for [[muses|m...
6: ... may be combined with it in song) is relatively modern.
10: ...s. From this concept later resulted the romantic idea of a music of the spheres.
12: ..., all things were connected with each other - a mode of thought that finds its traces today in the [[o... - Science (19868 bytes)
8: ...ce in terms of [[ontology]]: science attempts to identify what "things" in the world, their causal pow...
10: ...the empiricist tradition, we must be careful to understand that "prediction" refers to the outcome of ...
12: ...used interchangeably. Both have been subjected to devastating criticisms:
14: ...demonstrated the impossibility of a theory-independent observation language, so the very notion of tes...
15: ...steady accumulation of facts, as the empiricist model implies. - Bassoon (11661 bytes)
2: ...re. It is known for its distinctive tone color, wide range, variety of character, and agility.
4: ==History and development==
6: ...e instrument body to the reed. It was, like the modern instrument,frequently constructed of maple, wit...
8: ...oon" in ''Dioclesian'' (1690) referring to the wooden double reed, the word began to be used to refer ...
10: ...ich scholars date to the end of the 17th century, depicts the bassoon much as it appears in its curren... - Clarinet (18825 bytes)
2: ...''[[trumpet]]'', as the first clarinets had a strident tone similar to that of a trumpet.
4: ... varieties of [[wood]] or, in the case of some student instruments, composite material or plastic [[re...
11: ...orchestral writing. Additionally, improvements made to the fingering systems of the clarinet over tim...
12: The Bass Clarinet has a very deep and loud tone. It is often only used in large ...
20: ...e of [[ebonite]]. The instrument uses a single wooden (sometimes "fiber" or plastic) [[reed (music)|re... - Contrabassoon (3761 bytes)
3: *The reed is considerably larger, at 70-75 mm in total length as compa...
5: ...s also required, as the primary finger keys are widely spaced.
6: *There is considerably more air volume required in playing, and the...
7: ... water key to expel condensation, and a tuning slide for gross pitch adjustments.
11: ...ality which can be remediated by appropriate reed design changes. While prominent in solo and small e... - Musical instrument (3823 bytes)
1: ....jpg|60px|left|]] A '''musical instrument''' is a device that has been constructed or modified with th...
2: ....jpg|thumb|right|175px|Picture of a Psaltery provided by [http://classroomclipart.com Classroom Clip A...
3: The academic study of musical instruments is called ''[[org...
5: Instruments are often divided by the way in which they generate sound:
7: ...of tone production. The group is typically subdivided into [[Brass instruments|Brass]] and [[Woodwind]... - Harmonica (21752 bytes)
14: is made to vibrate more easily by air from above, reeds a...
16: ...) also include a spring-loaded button-actuated slide that, when
17: depressed, further redirects air blown or drawn thr...
24: The harmonica consists of a "comb" made of wood, plastic or metal which
26: ...omatic harmonicas also have a button-activated slide. - Pipe organ (24478 bytes)
1: ...on for the visible pipes of an organ to be purely decorative, with the real pipes behind them.]]
7: ...lso found in town halls, and in arts centres intended for the performance of [[classical music]]. In t...
13: ''A more detailed article is to be written at [[styles of pip...
15: ...everal distinctive styles of pipe organ have been developed and achieved popularity at particular time...
19: ...n attempt to provide authentic voices for an extended repertoire, and each one of these instruments is... - Aeolian harp (2264 bytes)
1: ...re still being hand-crafted today. Some are now made in the form of monumental metal [[sound sculpture...
3: ...) and all be tuned to the same note, or identical strings can be tuned to different notes.
5: ...rom a barely audible hum to a loud scream. If the strings are tuned to different notes, sometimes only one...
7: ... the side, until the restoring force arising from deflection halts and reverses the motion.
12: ... poems, ''The Aeolian Harp'' and ''Dejection, an Ode'', both by [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge]]. - Ukulele (6345 bytes)
1: ...0th century]], the instrument's name was often rendered as "ukelele", a spelling stilll used in Great ...
3:
5: ...eturned to the ukulele to its ancestral home of Madeira Island off the coast of North Africa. Flora Fo...
11: ...The tension and tone are a little brighter and louder. This tuning is still used today by some known ...
13: ...e-entrant tuning is the characteristic that most identified the original ukulele. - Banjo (6143 bytes)
4: ... [[Africa|African]] "akonting". Some etymologists derive it from a dialectal pronunciation of "bandore...
6: ... ('''plectrum''' and '''tenor''' banjos) and five-string versions. In almost all of its forms the banjo's ...
8: ...on the tuning head with the others, and route the string through a tube in the neck where it exits near th...
10: ... banjos are the '''resonator banjo''' which has a detachable chamber, or resonator, on the back of the...
12: ...odern open-backed drum-like pot, and added a base string to give the instrument more range. This new banj... - Appalachian dulcimer (3259 bytes)
3: ...ions of the instrument can have as many as twelve strings and six courses. The body extends the length of ...
5: ..., while fretting with the other. In practice, a wide variety of playing styles are used.
7: ...s to utilize the "one melody string and two drone strings" approach. Players who employ this method are kn...
8: ...et capable of complexity, providing scope for a wide range of professionals and hobbyists.
10: ...made, to permit play in minor keys, but some consider that, properly speaking, the resulting zither is... - Balalaika (5108 bytes)
1: ...characteristic [[triangle|triangular]] body and 3 strings (or sometimes 6, in pairs).
5: The modern balalaika is found in six sizes:
14: ...rument is the prima, tuned E-E-A (the two lower [[string]]s being [[tune]]d to the same pitch).
16: ...nylon]]) [[string]]s on the lower pegs and a wire string on the top peg.
18: ...an play the prima with a plectrum, but it is considered rather [[heterodox]] to do so. - Berimbau (11944 bytes)
2: .... The instrument is also a part of [[Candombl靝-de-caboclo tradition.
4: ...icon.png|30px]] [[media:Toque-de-angola.ogg|Toque de Angola]] ([[ogg]] format, 17 seconds, 174KB).
6: ==Design==
8: [[Image:Hn_caxixi_baqueta_vadero.jpg|thumb|right|A caxixi, baqueta, and dobr㯝]
9: ...the lower portion of the Verga by a loop of tough string, typically a hard shoe lace, acts as a resonator.
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