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- History of philosophy (13862 bytes)
1: ...premise]]s and approaches, examples of which include [[rationalism]] (through [[logic]]), [[empiricism...
7: ...odern" is a word with more varied use, which includes everything from [[Post-Medieval]] through the sp...
10: ...ents were [[Anaximenes of Miletus]] and [[Anaximander]] ("All is air").
12: ... parts), the [[Eleatic School|Eleatics]] [[Parmenides]] and [[Zeno of Elea|Zeno]] (All is One and chan...
14: ... the subjects and methods of debate became highly developed. - Science (19868 bytes)
8: ...ce in terms of [[ontology]]: science attempts to identify what "things" in the world, their causal pow...
10: ...alify as sciences. Empiricist philosopher, [[Karl Popper]] also argued that certain [[verification]] is im...
12: ...used interchangeably. Both have been subjected to devastating criticisms:
14: ...demonstrated the impossibility of a theory-independent observation language, so the very notion of tes...
15: ...steady accumulation of facts, as the empiricist model implies. - Harmonica (21752 bytes)
14: is made to vibrate more easily by air from above, reeds a...
16: ...) also include a spring-loaded button-actuated slide that, when
17: depressed, further redirects air blown or drawn thr...
24: The harmonica consists of a "comb" made of wood, plastic or metal which
26: ...omatic harmonicas also have a button-activated slide. - History of science (41710 bytes)
2: Modern [[science]] is a body of verifiable [[empirical...
4: ... change is considered to be so fundamental that older inquiries are known as ''pre-scientific''. Still...
6: ...] concerns the [[Creativity|creative]] process of designing useful objects and systems, which differs ...
11: ...mphasize the view that scientific data is self-evident, value-free, and context-free.
13: ...e, and that there can be [[demarcation problem|no demarcation]] between science and any other form of ... - Plato (17363 bytes)
1: ...mb|Statue of a philosopher, presumely Plato, in [[Delphi]].]]
2: ...of [[Aristotle]], writer, and founder of the [[Academy]] in [[Athens]]. In countries speaking Arabic, ...
4: ...he ''[[Second Alcibiades (dialogue)|Second Alcibiades]]'').
12: ...s of the Athenian nobility.--> His family claimed descent from the ancient [[King of Athens| Athenian ...
14: ...derable number of manuscripts (see below). He was deeply affected by the city's treatment of Socrates ... - Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (15483 bytes)
1: ...th Century Germany's movement of philosophical [[idealism]]. It would come to have a profound impact o...
5: ...on]] and collaborated in a [[critique]] of the [[idealist]] philosophies of [[Immanuel Kant]] and his ...
7: ...hy were compiled from the lecture notes of his students and published posthumously.
9: ...of rational [[government]] and the revolutionary ideals of freedom and equality.
11: ...o an infinite antithesis; that, viz. between the Idea in its free, universal form - in which it exists... - List of philosophers (79981 bytes)
23: *[[Adelard of Bath]], (12th century){{fn|C}}
26: *[[Aedesius]], (d. 355)
27: *[[Aenesidemus]], (1st century BC){{fn|R}}
37: *[[Alain de Lille]], (c. 1128-1202)
44: *[[Alcibiades]], (c. 450-404 BC) - Theories and sociology of the history of science (16096 bytes)
3: ...uestion of large-scale patterns and trends in the development of [[science]], and asking questions abo...
7: ...lowness of communication. Still, there was a considerable amount of cross-fertilization between distan...
9: ...side the scientific community have, in recent decades, began to question the effect of commercial and ...
11: ...ssion. It was soon shut down by [[Pope Paul V]] under suspicion of [[sorcery]].
13: ...rlin]] [[1700]]. Early scientific societies provided valuable functions, including a community open t... - Scientific method (40667 bytes)
1: ...of building a supportable, [[evidence]]-based [[understanding]] of our natural [[world]].
6: ...ds for scientific inquiry is indivisible from the development of science.
7: ...seased demons and other superstition, there is evidence of traditional empiricism.
9: ...s we experience it reaches an extreme in [[Parmenides]] who argued that the world is one and that chan...
11: ...ricism]]. For Aristotle, the Platonic, universal ideal is to be found in particular things, what he ca... - Karl Marx (38076 bytes)
2: ...kingmen's Association]]. While Marx addressed a wide range of issues, he is most famous for his analys...
7: ...p his position as a lawyer, which he had gained under the [[Napoleon]]ic regime. The Marx family was v...
10: ...l. His senior thesis, which anticipated his later development of a social analysis of religion, was a ...
12: [[Image:39km1.jpg|thumb|left|Marx during his student years]]
13: - Epistemology (18628 bytes)
1: ...word/speech) is the branch of [[philosophy]] that deals with the nature, origin and scope of [[knowled...
3: ==Definition of knowledge==
6: ...o|Plato's]] ''[[Theaetetus (Plato)|Theaetetus]]'' defined knowledge as [[Theory of justification|justi...
7: ...medical training but a generally optimistic attitude might believe that she will recover from her illn...
11: The Theaetetus definition agrees with the common sense notion that ...
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