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- Bagpipes (20858 bytes)
13: 7) Tuning Slide<br>
16: ...the bag by a stock, a small, usually wooden, cylinder which is tied into the bag and which the pipe it...
18: ...le chanters with a conical bore will produce a louder and brighter sound.
20: ...imes the term is also somewhat mistakenly used to describe the general sound produced by a bagpipe.
23: ...bag and combining it with a chanter and inflation device seems to have originated with various ethnic ... - November 4 (10686 bytes)
7: ...)|Antwerp]] (after three days the city was nearly destroyed).
8: ...Moscow]] China Town taken by [[Russia]]n troops under command of [[Dmitri Mikhailovich Pozharski|Dmitr...
10: ...[[Kingdom of Sardinia|Sardinia]], which soon expanded to become [[Italy]].
12: ...bombard a [[United States|Union]] supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material.
14: ... Democratic Party|Democrat]] [[Grover Cleveland]] defeats [[United States Republican Party|Republican]... - Toni Morrison (2576 bytes)
4: ...itzer Prize for Fiction]] in [[1988]]. This story describes a slave who found freedom, but killed her ...
6: ...ture]] or [[Hispanic Literature]]). Many now include Morrison's own work in the canon of [[American Li...
8: ...d the strength of [[brotherly love]]. She was awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] in [[1993]], t...
12: She called [[Bill Clinton]] "the first Black president", saying "Clinton displays almost every trope o... - Ella Fitzgerald (9400 bytes)
6: ...[1935]], in Harlem's [[Savoy Ballroom]]. She recorded several hit songs with them, including "(If You ...
8: ...bb died in [[1939]], the band continued touring under the new name, "Ella Fitzgerald and Her Famous Or...
10: ... other singers: in particular, she was able to render quite perfectly [[Marilyn Monroe]]'s voice and t...
12: ...iddle, and [[Duke Ellington]], a later collection devoted to one composer occured during the [[Pablo R...
14: ...scar Peterson]], [[Count Basie]] ("On the Sunny Side of the Street"), [[Joe Pass]] ("Speak love"), [[D... - Aretha Franklin (7875 bytes)
2: ...[Michigan]] declared her voice to be a natural wonder. She has won 16 competitive [[Grammys]] (includi...
6: ...s [[Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]]-area church and made her first recordings at the age 14. She signed w...
8: ... internationally famous artist and a symbol of pride for the [[African American]] community. Franklin ...
10: ... Angeles Baptist church. Surprisingly she never made it to number one in the UK pop charts - the best ...
12: ...or Best Female R&B Vocal Performance; she later added three more Grammies in this category in the [[19... - Billie Holiday (6766 bytes)
3: ...'''[[Jazz royalty|Lady Day]]''' is generally considered one of the greatest [[jazz]] [[singer]]s of al...
7: ...ng as a [[prostitute]] with her mother. This preceded her move to [[New York]] with her mother sometim...
9: ...er as a "[[Frank DeViese]]". Some historians consider this an anomaly, probably inserted by a hospital...
16: ...ormance, with pianist (and then-lover) [[Bobby Henderson]], did much to solidify her standing as a jaz...
20: ...songs, her unique tone and emotional commitment made her performances special. - Mahalia Jackson (2345 bytes)
1: ...] [[gospel music|gospel]] [[singer]], widely regarded as one of the best in the history of the genre. ...
3: ... Trust in Jesus'' won a prize from the French Academy, while ''[[Silent Night]]'' was one of the best...
5: ...[[Germany]] in [[1971]]; when she returned, she made one of her final television appearances on ''[[Th... - Janis Joplin (8673 bytes)
4: ...tin, Texas|Austin]], though she never completed a degree. There, she began singing blues and [[folk mu...
6: ...olism|drinker]] throughout her career, and her trademark beverage was [[Southern Comfort]].
8: ... with independent [[Mainstream Records]] and recorded an eponymously titled album in [[1967]]. Howeve...
10: ... and together with the Monterey performance, it made Joplin into one of the leading musical stars of t...
14: ...ry social commentary of the ''a capella'' "[[Mercedes-Benz]]", written by beat poet [[Michael McClure]... - Joni Mitchell (9996 bytes)
1: ...Joni Mitchell, on the cover of her album ''Both Sides Now'']]
3: ...[[New York City]]. Through the [[1970s]] she expanded her horizons, predominantly to [[Rock and roll|r...
5: ...s were strengthened by Mitchell's extraordinary wide-ranging voice (with a range in pitch at one time ...
7: ...d by other artists, "Chelsea Morning" and "Both Sides Now".
11: ...fluence was still strong on her next two albums made for her new label Asylum. ''[[For the Roses]]'' ... - Music (16462 bytes)
16: ...ften considered an aspect of music, if it is considered to exist.
18: ... the expense of rhythm and timbre. John Cage considers duration the primary aspect of music because it...
20: ...actual performance but also how music is heard, understood, even learned." <sup>[[#Notes|6]]</sup>
25: ...mmon terms used to discuss particular pieces include [[note]], which is an abstraction which refers to...
31: ...ch creates, performs, and promotes music. A great deal of music is produced by [[amateur]]s. - Definitions of music (17609 bytes)
1: ...c actually consists of is something that is still debated today.
4: ... by way of the Latin ''musica''. It is ultimately derived from ''mousa'', the Greek word for [[muses|m...
6: ... may be combined with it in song) is relatively modern.
10: ...s. From this concept later resulted the romantic idea of a music of the spheres.
12: ..., all things were connected with each other - a mode of thought that finds its traces today in the [[o... - Bassoon (11661 bytes)
2: ...re. It is known for its distinctive tone color, wide range, variety of character, and agility.
4: ==History and development==
6: ...e instrument body to the reed. It was, like the modern instrument,frequently constructed of maple, wit...
8: ...oon" in ''Dioclesian'' (1690) referring to the wooden double reed, the word began to be used to refer ...
10: ...ich scholars date to the end of the 17th century, depicts the bassoon much as it appears in its curren... - Clarinet (18825 bytes)
2: ...''[[trumpet]]'', as the first clarinets had a strident tone similar to that of a trumpet.
4: ... varieties of [[wood]] or, in the case of some student instruments, composite material or plastic [[re...
11: ...orchestral writing. Additionally, improvements made to the fingering systems of the clarinet over tim...
12: The Bass Clarinet has a very deep and loud tone. It is often only used in large ...
20: ...e of [[ebonite]]. The instrument uses a single wooden (sometimes "fiber" or plastic) [[reed (music)|re... - Bass clarinet (3454 bytes)
5: ...emovable floor stand attached to its body. Some models have segments in their bodies, making them look...
7: ...nets have a low E flat. Some models have an extended range and can play to a low C.
10: ...iversally play the bass part (usually similar or identical to the [[Tuba]] part) of a musical piece, t...
13: ...elgian manufacturer of musical instruments, first designed the straight-bodied form of the bass clarin...
16: ...ta]]. Other pieces featuring this instrument include: - Oboe (5230 bytes)
1: [[Image:Oboe.jpg|thumbnail|50px|right|Modern Oboe]]
3: ...a descendant of the [[shawm]]. The word "oboe" is derived from the French word ''hautbois'', meaning "...
7: ...often produce a nasal (often out-of-tune) and strident tone that is difficult to blend with other inst...
13: ...gether with the flute/recorder it is one of the oldest [[woodwind]] instruments.
17: ...table oboe-makers of that period are the German [[Denner]] and the English [[Stanesby]]. The range fo... - Recorder (12954 bytes)
1: ...r to the functioning of the ancestors of the recorder, early folk [[whistle]]s.
3: ...at the instrument intended was the sopranino recorder.
5: ...y at some level, is pre-tuned, and is not too strident in even the most musically-inept hands. It is h...
7: ... of recorder music in which he himself plays recorders.
9: ... are the most common solo instruments in the recorder family. - Sarrusophone (1431 bytes)
3: ...fingering is similar to a saxophone, and it was made in sizes from sopranino to subcontrabass. - Saxophone (14311 bytes)
3: ...] music, and [[jazz]], but it was originally intended as both an [[orchestra]]l and [[military band]] ...
7: ...ong time it was relegated to military bands--this despite his great friendship with the influential Pa...
9: ...nvent an entirely new instrument which suited his desires both tonally and technically and possessed a...
11: The development is defined almost entirely in terms of Sax's patent. F...
14: ...lto saxophones exist, though rare. There is some debate amongst players as to whether the curve affec... - Alto saxophone (1789 bytes)
8: ...and [[Paul Desmond]]. The alto saxophone is included in concert music more often than the tenor, and ... - Shakuhachi (6042 bytes)
3: ...wn flute]] which is held vertically like a [[recorder]] instead of being held transversely like the fa...
10: ...ters]] (ca. 0.994 of the English foot) and subdivided in ten (not twelve).
16: A recorder player blows into a duct, also called "fipple", ...
18: ... music with koto and samisen, folk music, jazz, modern music.
24: ...according to the players' breathing and were considered meditation as much as music.
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