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- Cell (biology) (28190 bytes)
3: The [[cell theory]], first developed in the [[19th century]], states that all [...
15: ...nergy stored in organic molecules. This energy is derived from [[metabolic pathway]]s.
21: ...mes (''dark blue''). The drawing on the ''right'' demonstrates how bacterial DNA is housed in a struct...
23: ...ms) that function and survive more or less independently, through ''colonial'' forms with cells living...
34: ...these primary components of the cell then briefly describe their function. - Ribosome (4897 bytes)
1: ...cating small subunit (A) and large subunit (B). Side and front view. <br/><small>(1) Head. (2) Platfor...
3: ...genetics)|translates]] [[mRNA]] into a [[polypeptide]] chain (e.g., a [[protein]]).
7: ...nthesis, and that one aspect of the process, peptide transfer, can occur in the presence of rRNA alone...
10: ...999]], the conference was held in [[Elsinore]], [[Denmark]]. The [[2002]] conference was held in [[Que...
16: ...mes usually produce proteins that are used in the cytosol or in the [[organelle]] they occur in. - Endoplasmic reticulum (5319 bytes)
19: ...he cisternal space (or internal lumen) from the [[cytosol]]. This space is acting as a gateway. Parts of th...
21: ...tions from the nucleus). Their rough appearance under electron microscopy led to their being called ro...
26: ...he coarse ER manufactures and transports proteins destined for membranes and secretion.
32: ...oxification of the cell (enzymes in the smooth ER detoxify chemicals), and [[calcium]] storage. It als...
43: Correct folding of newly made proteins is made possible by several ER proteins including: [[PDI]... - Mitochondrion (10103 bytes)
3: ...Mitochondria can occupy up to 25% of the cell's [[cytosol]].
5: ...ganic materials into [[energy]] in the form of [[adenosine triphosphate|ATP]].
9: Depending on the cell type, mitochondria can have ve...
11: ...respiration]] and [[ATP]] formation, and their folded form increases that capacity by increasing the s...
13: The membranes of the mitochondrion divide the organelle into two distinct compartments: one... - Nuclear envelope (959 bytes)
1: ...nuclear space, and is usually about 20 - 100 nm wide. The outer membrane is continuous with the [[roug...
5: ...mina]], a network of [[intermediate filament]]s made of [[lamin]], that plays a role in [[mitosis]] an...
7: ...ay a role in the disposition of [[chromatin]] inside the nucleus. - Lysosome (2936 bytes)
1: ...should a lysosome's acid hydrolases leak into the cytosol, their potential to damage the cell will be reduc...
9: ...form of [[programmed cell death | programmed self-destruction]] of the cell, which means that the cell...
10: ...tions include digesting foreign bacteria that invade a cell and helping repair damage to the [[plasma ...
12: ...ub>2</sub> gangliosidoses]], [[lipid storage disorder]]s, [[glycoproteinosis|glycoproteinoses]], [[muc... - Vacuole (5544 bytes)
1: ...cell size. The cavity that is the vacuole is considered nonprotoplasmic and the contents classified as...
4: ...s in different organisms and these functions include the capture of food, the maintenance of internal ...
6: ...ach of these functions in different organisms are described below.
14: ... more than 80% of the cell interior. It is surrounded by a membrane, called the '''tonoplast'''.
15: ...uoles may vary in different tissues and stages of development. [[vascular cambium|Cambium]] cells, for... - Vesicle (biology) (1701 bytes)
1: ...ll and enclosed compartment, separated from the [[cytosol]] by at least one [[lipid bilayer|lipid bilayer]]...
4: ...t also in the [[endoplasmic reticulum]], or are made from parts of the [[plasma membrane]].
7: ...sicles]] can move molecules between locations inside the cell, e.g., proteins from the Rough [[Endopla...
11: ...small compounds) that were taken in from the outside of the cell by an endocytic vesicle. - Peroxisome (2015 bytes)
1: ...cell). Peroxisomes were discovered by [[Christian de Duve]] in [[1965]]. Unlike [[lysosome]]s, which a...
4: ...ell of toxic substances, such as [[hydrogen peroxide]], or other [[metabolite]]s and contain [[enzyme]...
5: ...nverts H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (hydrogen peroxide, a toxic byproduct of [[cellular metabolism]]) to...
7: ...mes found in a peroxisome are imported from the [[cytosol]]. Each enzyme transferred to a peroxisome has a ...
9: Peroxisomes also degrade fatty acids and toxic compounds and catalyze the ... - Plant cell (2762 bytes)
5: ...]] and controls movement of molecules between the cytosol and sap.
6: ...e of [[chitin]], and [[prokaryotes]], which are made of [[peptidoglycan]].
7: * The [[plasmodesmata]], linking pores in the cell wall that allow...
11: ... parts of a living plant's tissue are selectively dead so they can serve the plant without consuming v...
16: ...dary wall as well. These two major parts are what determines the function of each individual plant cel... - Cell (29541 bytes)
3: The [[cell theory]], first developed in the [[19th century]], states that all [...
15: ...nergy stored in organic molecules. This energy is derived from [[metabolic pathway]]s.
21: ...mes (''dark blue''). The drawing on the ''right'' demonstrates how bacterial DNA is housed in a struct...
23: ...ms) that function and survive more or less independently, through ''colonial'' forms with cells living...
34: ...these primary components of the cell then briefly describe their function. - Organelle (935 bytes)
1: ...eral structures with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of a [[eukaryote|eukaryotic]] [...
2: ...use of some form of [[microscopy]] and were also identified through the use of [[cell fractionation]].
8: Other organelles include:
24: * [[cytosol]]
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