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- History of science (41710 bytes)
40: ...]]) was suppressed while at the same time it was safeguarded.
54: ...o what is now called an [[algorithm]]; the word [[algebra]] is derived from ''al-jabr'', the beginning of t...
61: ... For example, an [[arrow]] flying through the air after leaving a bow contradicts with Aristotle's ass...
91: ...loitation of the [[petrochemical]]s of the earth, after the exhaustion of the oil supply from [[whalin...
97: ...gener.jpg|thumb|130px|right|Plate tectonics - [[seafloor spreading]] and [[continental drift]] illustr... - Mathematics (24164 bytes)
33: ...to the study of structure, space and change (i.e. algebra, geometry and analysis). In addition to these th...
35: ...ized to [[vector space]]s and studied in [[linear algebra]], belongs to the two branches of structure and s...
37: ...th function|smoothness]], and direction, while in algebraic geometry geometrical objects are described as s...
77: ...ra]] – [[Graph theory]] – [[Universal algebra]] – [[Category theory]] – [[Order the...
88: ...] – [[Algebraic topology]] – [[Linear algebra]] – [[Fractal geometry]] - Leonardo da Vinci (25889 bytes)
16: ...cause no witnesses stepped forward. For some time afterwards, Leonardo and the others were kept under ...
18: ...rtue which, joining men together with the diverse affections of friendship, makes it so that from a te...
23:
31: ...le-entry bookkeeping]]) for [[Mantua]], moving on after 2 months to [[Venice]] (where he was hired as ...
33: ... Milan, now in the hands of [[Maximilian Sforza]] after [[Swiss mercenaries]] had driven out the Frenc... - Age of Enlightenment (36312 bytes)
14: ...us wars. When the political situation stabilized after the [[Peace of Westphalia]] and at the end of ...
16: ...tone for much of what would follow in the century after the publication of his ''[[Philosophiae Natura...
31: ...sertion that law governed both heavenly and human affairs, and that law invested the king with his pow...
33: ...tural philosophy that espoused the application of algebra to the study of nature, and the discoveries broug...
70: ... prominence came from a systematic application of algebra to geometry, and synthesizing a workable [[calcul... - Computer (32773 bytes)
12: ... that information are reduced to simple [[Boolean algebra]].
29: ...overnments and large research organizations could afford them and were considered so exotic that only ...
67: ...r implementing arithmetic functions and [[Boolean algebra|logic operation]]s.
70: ... which can be used to represent various [[Boolean algebra|logic operation]]s.
84: ...the design available to other researchers shortly after the ENIAC was annouced in 1946. Plans were dev... - Charles Babbage (13539 bytes)
8: ...hematics. He studied with two more private tutors after leaving the academy. Of the first, a clergyman...
31: ...ht|Part of Babbage's Difference engine, assembled after his death by Babbage's son, using parts found ...
48: ... worn out with disgust and annoyance at the whole affair." In [[1842]] the government officially aband...
59: ...mbers. In another, she wrote about a generalized algebra engine that could perform operations on symbols a...
62: ...d not try to improve the second Difference Engine after completing the initial design. The 24 schemat... - James Cook (14770 bytes)
8: .... While working for Walker, Cook began to study [[algebra]], [[trigonometry]], [[navigation]], and [[astron...
49: ... Islands]], which he named the "Sandwich Islands" after the 4th Earl of Sandwich, the acting [[First L... - Rene Descartes (17976 bytes)
1: ...sian coordinate system used in plane geometry and algebra.
6: ...ounded [[analytic geometry]], that bridge between algebra and geometry crucial to the invention of the [[ca...
11: ...ollège Royal Henry-Le-Grand]] at [[La Flèche]]. After graduation, he studied at the University of [[...
69: ...th an artificial female companion, named Francine after his daughter. This apocryphal story may stem f...
71: ...[Charlie Duke]] landed on [[Apollo 16]], is named after him. Also contains a mountain range named the... - Persian Empire (26229 bytes)
15: ...riumphantly into the ancient city of [[Babylon]]. After this victory, he set the standard of the benev...
33: ...ander decided to take advantage of this weakness. After Philip's death, Alexander looked toward Persia...
37: Alexander's empire broke up shortly after his death, but Persia remained in Greek hands....
39: ...ssical Greek styles have been found in Persia and Afghanistan, illustrating the mix of cultures that o...
65: ...rchy after the death of his successor, Kavadh II. After a defeat at Nineveh in [[642]], civil war brok... - Ancient Indian science and technology (21581 bytes)
9: ...cepts of [[0 (number)|zero]], the techniques of [[algebra]] and [[algorithm]], [[square root]] and [[cube r...
24: ...tical concepts, including [[0 (number)|zero]], [[algebra]] and [[algorithm]], [[square root]] and [[cube r...
30: ...ed �''Siddantha Shiromani''� has a chapter on algebra. In [[1816]], [[James Taylor]] translated Bhaska...
38: ...ed as an important part of Indian studies and its affect is also seen in several treatises of that per...
63: ...(both World heritage sites) which look fresh even after 1000 years, also testify to the high level of ... - History of science in the Middle Ages (30877 bytes)
4: ...ered the Middle Ages with great difficulties that affected the continent's intellectual production dra...
27: ...th century]], when the contact with the [[Arab]]s after the [[Reconquista]] and during the [[Crusades]...
30: ...God-Architect.jpg|thumb|God creating the universe after [[geometric]] and harmonic principles. To seek...
45: :''...after leaving the arm of the thrower, the projectile...
119: The rediscovery of ancient texts was accelerated after the [[Fall of Constantinople]], in [[1453]], w... - Timeline of Middle Eastern History (12425 bytes)
22: * After [[7000 BC]]?The rise of the [[Punjab]] culture...
76: * Major migration of Central Saharans into [[West Africa]] possibly due to [[climate change]] starting...
122: ...conquered [[Greece]], [[Egypt]], [[Persia]] and [[Afghanistan]]
144: ...mic]] conquest of the [[Middle East]] and [[North Africa]]
149: * [[Algebra]] developed in the Middle East - Golden Ratio (15928 bytes)
25: After multiplying the first equation with ''a''/''b'...
40: For those who struggle with algebra but can at least handle the idea of fractions of ...
115: ...the root of a [[polynomial equation]], it is an [[algebraic number]]. It can be shown that φ is an [[ir...
134: ...theorem]]. It is also the fundamental unit of the algebraic number field <math>\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{5})</math> ... - Integer (6458 bytes)
3: == Algebraic properties ==
24: In the language of [[abstract algebra]], the first five properties listed above for add...
32: Again, in the language of abstract algebra, the above says that '''Z''' is a [[Euclidean dom...
40: The ordering of integers is compatible with the algebraic operations in the following way: - Number (4151 bytes)
19: ... [[complex number]]s '''C''', which leads to an [[algebraically closed field]] in which every polynomial wi...
24: ...umber]]s, and those complex numbers which are not algebraic are called [[transcendental number|transcendent...
27: ...us leaving the category of associative [[division algebra]]s.
31: ...f [[function field]]s of finite [[characteristic (algebra)|characteristic]] behave in some ways like number...
43: ...tains the [[group (mathematics)|group]]s, [[ring (algebra)|ring]]s and [[field (mathematics)|field]]s.
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