1654
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| Years: 1651 1652 1653 - 1654 - 1655 1656 1657 | |
| Decades: 1620s 1630s 1640s - 1650s - 1660s 1670s 1680s | |
| Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century | |
Events
- April 5 - Signing of the Treaty of Westminster, ending the First Anglo-Dutch War.
- June 3 - Louis XIV of France crowned at Rheims
- June 6 - Charles X succedes his cousin Christina to the Swedish throne. After her abdication on June 5, Christina now the former reigning queen of a Protestant nation, secretly converts to Catholicism.
- September 3 - In the Rump Parliament, the republican party question Cromwell's pre-eminence
- September 12 - Oliver Cromwell orders the exclusion of the members of Parliament who are hostile to him
- October 12 - Carel Fabritius, the most promising student of Rembrandt, dies aged 32 in an explosion at the arsenal at Delft
- October 31 - Ferdinand Maria, elector of Bavaria is crowned. His absolutistic style of leadership becomes a benchmark for the rest of Germany
- November 23 - French mathematician, scientist, and religious philosopher Blaise Pascal experiences an intense mystical vision that marks him for life.
- Twenty-three Jewish refugees from Brazil settle in New Amsterdam, forming the nucleus of what would be the largest urban Jewish community in history, the Jewish community of New York City.
- The Ukrainian Bogdan Chmielnicki renounces Ukrainian independence and swears allegiance to Tsar Alexis of Russia
- The Russian Army seizes Smolensk, and war starts between Russia and Poland over Ukraine
- Otto von Guericke proves the existence of atmospheric pressure
Births
- May 4 - Emperor Kangxi of China (d. 1722)
- July 9 - Emperor Reigen of Japan (d. 1732)
Deaths
- March 24 - Samuel Scheidt, German composer (b. 1587)
- August 31 - Olaus Wormius, Danish physician and antiquary (b. 1588)
- October 12 - Carel Fabritius, Dutch artist (b. 1622)
- October 30 - Emperor Go-Komyo of Japan (b. 1633)
- November 30 - John Selden, English jurist (b. 1584)af:1654
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