Serine
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Serine is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids on Earth.
Role
As a constituent (residue) of proteins, its side chain can undergo O-linked glycosylation. This might be important in explaining some of the devastating consequences of diabetes. It is one of three amino acids residues that is commonly phosphorylated by kinases during cell signalling in eukaryotes. Phosphorylated serine residues are often referred to as phosphoserine. Serine proteases are a common type of protease.
Biosynthesis
Synthesis of serine and glycine starts with oxidation of 3-phosphoglycerate forming 3-phosphohydroxy pyruvate and NADH. A transamination reaction with glutamate forms 3-phosphoserine and removal of the phosphate yields serine.
Properties
- Chemical formula: NH2CH(CH2OH)COOH
- Mass: 105.1
- pK1 (α-COOH): 2.19
- pK2 (α-NH3+): 9.21
- Protein Occurrence: 6.8%
Template:Biochem-stubde:Serin eo:Serino it:Serina (chimica) nl:Serine ja:セリン pl:Seryna fi:Seriini sv:Serin