Scan

The terms scan and scanning have several meanings:

  • The term scan has the following meanings:
    1. To examine sequentially, part by part. *
    2. In data processing, image scanning is to optically analyze a two or three dimensional image and digitally encode it (digitize it) for storage in a computer file.
    3. Also in data processing, to examine successively every character or bit in a digital computer file as part of a data retrieval function. *
    4. In radar, one complete rotation of the interrogating antenna. *
    5. In SONAR, to search 360° or a specific search sector by the use of phased array of transducers. *
    6. To sweep, i.e., rotate, a beam about a point or about an axis. *
  • The term scanning has the following meanings:
    1. In television, facsimile, and picture transmission, the process of sequentially encoding the luminosity and optionally the color of a picture or scene, line by line into an electronic signal. It also refers to remotely reconstructing the picture or scene on a display device.
    2. In telecommunications, the process of rapidly tuning a radio receiver through a predetermined range of frequencies to select an active radio broadcast. Scanning may be performed manually or automatically.
    3. In radar and radio direction-finding, the slewing of an antenna or radiation pattern for the purpose of probing in a different direction. In radar, scanning may be mechanical, using a rotary microwave joint to feed the antenna, or electronic, using a phased array of radiators, the radiated pattern (beam) of which depends on the relative phases of the signals fed to the individual radiators. In civilian air traffic control radar, scanning usually implies continuous rotation of the antenna or beam about a vertical axis. In military radars, scanning may occur about other than a vertical axis, and may not encompass a full 360°.
  • In the semiconductor electronics testing industry, the term scan has the following meaning:
    • To test the logic used in an integrated circuit in a non-functional method by using a special test mode. This mode generally changes the configuration of the device being tested to look more similar to a large shift register. Logical blocks are then tested by loading and unloading this register. (See for instance JTAG Boundary Scan.)
  • Scanning is a term for the medical technique for body imaging.
  • Scanning is the term for the lowest-level work of a software compiler, putting together the individual characters of the text of a computer program to form lexemes.

See also: scanner

Reference

nl:Scanning
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