Quintal
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The quintal is a historical unit of mass with many different definitions in different countries. It has a convoluted etymology. Starting from the classical Latin word, centenarius, meaning hundredlike, it became Late Latin centenarium pondus, then in succession, Late Greek, kentenarion, Arabic, qintar, Mediaeval Latin, quintale, and finally Old French quintal before passing into English.
The unit was and still is used in the Arab world, where it is known as the qintar. It is currently defined informally as 50 kg. The qintar was imported to Europe by traders.
In France it was defined as 100 livres, about 48.95 kg, although it has now been redefined as 100 kg. In Spain it is still defined as 100 libras, or about 46 kg, and in Portugal as 128 libras or about 58.75 kg. The English quintal, now obsolete, was defined sometimes as 100 lb (exactly 45.359 237 kg) and sometimes as 112 lb (about 50.80 kg).
The metric quintal is defined in the U.S. as 100 kilograms. This unit is not recognised by the SI, but is used in agriculture for measuring grain.
In music or music theory quintal is the quality of chords built from fifths and anything related to things constructed by fifths such as counterpoint. However, because of inversion these are more accurately described by the term quartal.
Quintal is a commune of the Haute-Savoie département in France.