Paralanguage
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Paralanguage describes the non-verbal elements of communication, often used (consciously or unconsciously) to convey emotion. This may include gestures, facial expressions, pitch, volume and intonation. Sometimes the definition is restricted to vocally-produced sounds. In email and chatroom settings, these paralinguistic elements may be displayed by emoticons, font and color choices, use of uppercase, or by other means.
Paralinguistics is the study of paralanguage. Both terms are also sometimes referred to as kinesics.
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References
- Robbins, S. and Langton, N. (2001) Organizational Behaviour: Concepts, Controversies, Applications (2nd Canadian ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-H