Osmotic lysis
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An osmotic lysis is a cytolysis caused by excessive osmosis of water towards the inside of a cell. The cell membrane cannot withstand the osmotic pressure of the water inside, and so it explodes.
Osmosis occurs from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential passing through a partially permeable (i.e. semipermeable) membrane.
Osmotic lysis is often the result of a stroke, since a stroke leads to a malfunctioning of the cell's metabolism, which results in an inflow of extracellular fluid into the cell.