Organizational structure
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Organizational structure is the way in which the interrelated groups of an organization are constructed. The main concerns are effective communication and coordination.
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Pre-bureaucratic
Pre-bureaucratic structures lack standardization of tasks. This structure is most common in smaller organizations and is best used to solve simple tasks. They have a very flat hierarchy and most communication is done by one on one conversations.
They are usually based on traditional domination or charismatic domination in the sense of Max Weber's tripartite classification of authority.
Bureaucratic
Bureaucratic structures have a certain degree of standardization. They are better suited for more complex or larger scale tasks.
Functional Structure
The organization is structured according to functional areas instead of product lines. This structure is best used when creating specific, uniform products. They are economically efficient, but lack flexibility. Communication between functional areas can be difficult.
Divisional Structure
Divisional structures are grouped according to workflow. The workflow can be broken into product lines, geographic regions, etc. For this reason they are more flexible and able to allow product specialization. This flexibility hinders economic efficiency.
Post-Bureaucratic
Matrix organization
Multi-Unit Organization
Matrix organization teams are formed and team members report to two or more managers. Matrix structures utilize functional and divisional chains of command simultaneously in the same part of the organization, commonly for one-of-a-kind projects. It is used to develop a new product, to ensure the continuing success of a product to which several departments directly contribute, and to solve a difficult problem.