Old Fashioned
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The Old Fashioned is a cocktail.
There is great contention on the proper way to make an Old Fashioned. Here is one recipe:
- 2 oz. rye whiskey or Bourbon
- splash of simple syrup or 1 cube sugar and just enough water to dissolve it
- 2 dashes bitters
- Old Fashioned glass
- Place sugar (or syrup), bitters, and water in old-fashioned glass
- Crush sugar if needed and coat glass
- Add 2-3 cubes ice and whiskey
- Garnish with twist
Most modern recipes top off an Old Fashioned cocktail with soda water, thus making it a highball. Purists decry this practice, and insist that soda water is never permitted in a true Old Fashioned cocktail.
Many bartenders add fruit, typically an orange slice, and muddle it with the sugar before adding the whiskey. This practice likely began during Prohibition as a means of covering the taste of poor alcohol.
An 1895 recipe specifies the following: Dissolve a small lump of sugar with a little water in a whiskey-glass; add two dashes Angostura bitters, a small piece ice, a piece lemon-peel, one jigger whiskey. Mix with small bar-spoon and serve, leaving spoon in glass.
Renewing an Old Fashion (http://www.drinkboy.com/Essays/RenewingAnOldFashion.html) discusses the history of this cocktail in detail, specifically focusing on the issue of whether to add soda water to the cocktail or not.
See also List of cocktails.ja:オールド・ファッションド