Himno Nacional de Chile
|
|
The Himno Nacional de Chile (National Anthem of Chile) is more commonly referred to as the Canción Nacional (National Song). It has a history of two lyrics and two melodies that made up three different versions. It was composed by Eusebio Lillo and Ramón Carnicer and has six parts plus the chorus.
| Contents |
First National Anthem
The first Chilean National Anthem dates back to 1819, when the government called for, on the 19th of July, the creation of music and lyrics for this purpose.
The composer Manuel Robles and the poet Bernardo de Vera y Pintado fulfilled this mandate and their "National Song" debuted on the 20th of August, 1820 in the Domingo Arteaga theater, although other historians claim that it was played and sung during the festivities of September 1819.
In the beginning, everyone would stand for the song. O'Higgins and Freire listened to it with respect and full of emotion, for they had marched to victory to its tune more than once.
The custom of always singing it at the theater slowly disappeared, until it was ordered that it only be sung at the aniversary of the country.
The doctor Bernardo Vera, known in the history of the independence, was the author of the verses that were sung to Robles' music.
This first hymn was sung until 1828, when it was replaced with what is sung today.
Second National Anthem
The second Chilean National Anthem was composed by the Spanish composer Ramón Carnicer, when he was exiled in England because of this liberal ideas. Mariano Egaña, Chilean Minister in London, acting on the criticism that Robles' song was receiving, asked Carnicer to compose a new hymn with Bernardo de Vera's original text.
The Spanish musician probably wrote the work by 1827, the date he returned to Barcelona, and his hymn debuted in Santiago, in the Arteaga theater, the 23rd of December 1828.
Years later, in 1847, the Chilean Government el Gobierno de Chile entrusted the young poet Eusebio Lillo with a new text that would replace the anti-Spanish poem of Vera y Pintado, and after being analyzed by Andrés Bello, retained the original chorus ("Dulce patria, recibe los votos...).
Full version lyrics
|
Verse I
Verse II Verse III |
Verse IV Verse V Verse VI |
Official version lyrics
Below are the lyrics of the version most often played; it corresponds to Verse V of the full version and the chorus:
| Spanish original | Translation |
|---|---|
|
Puro, Chile, es tu cielo azulado; Coro |
Pure, Chile, is your blue sky; Chorus |
Following the coup d'etat in 1973, the military junta dictated that two verses would be used along with the chorus: the verse "Puro, Chile..." (Verse V) was retained, and the second verse extolled the military glories of the past (Verse III). It was a common act of protest by detractors to remain silent during the second verse. When democracy was restored in 1990, the government removed the military verse and restored the anthem as it was before the coup; today, supporters of the past military government still sing verse III.
External links
- Sang anthem at Chile's Presidency site (http://www.presidencia.cl/view/descargaAudio.asp?file=Himno-Nacional-audio.mp3) (mp3, 1.9 MB)
- MIDI File (http://www.midi4u.com/anthems/)
fr:Hymne national du Chili es:Himno_Nacional_de_Chile it:Himno Nacional de Chile hu:Chilei himnusz nl:Himno_Nacional pt:Hino nacional do Chile