Mozambican National Resistance
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Template:Election mozambique The Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO; Portuguese: Resistência Nacional Moçambicana) is a conservative political party in Mozambique led by Afonso Dhlakama.
RENAMO was founded as an anti-Communist political organization sponsored by the white-minority government of Rhodesia in 1975 following Mozambique's independence and the establishment of a Marxist-Leninist, heavily Soviet-backed one-party state. André Matsangaissa, an ex-FRELIMO army commander, was the first leader of RENAMO. The white-minority government of Rhodesia feared that the FRELIMO government of Mozambique would provide a safe haven for ZANU militants seeking to overthrow its government. Matsangaissa was killed by government soldiers on 17 October 1979 in Sofala Province. Following a violent succession struggle, Afonso Dhlakama became the new RENAMO leader. During the Mozambican Civil War of the 1980s, RENAMO also received support from South Africa and the United States, who saw the FRELIMO government as a Soviet satellite. RENAMO insurgents were often accused of widespread brutality and human rights abuses against civilians.
In 1984, the South African government agreed to stop sponsoring RENAMO if the Mozambican government expelled exiled members of the African National Congress residing there. This was accepted, but the apartheid regime continued funneling financial and military resources until a permanent peace accord, the General Peace Agreement, was reached in 1992 and was supervised by ONUMOZ until 1994.
Today, RENAMO has disarmed and is the main opposition party in Mozambique. In the presidential elections of December 2004, FRELIMO candidate Armando Guebuza defeated RENAMO candidate Dhlakama 63.7% to 31.7%. RENAMO currently holds 60 of the 250 parliamentary seats.
External link
- Main RENAMO Policy Guidelines 2004 (pdf) (http://www.kas.de/upload/dokumente/attv0kxy.pdf)fr:Resistência Nacional Moçambicana