Miko
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Miko_pic_1.jpg
Miko (巫女) are the Shinto shrine maidens of Japan beginning in the Feudal era of Japan. In ancient times, women who went into trances and conveyed the words of a god were called miko, not unlike the Oracle at Delphi of ancient Greece.
Later, miko were young female attendants at Shinto shrines. Roles of the miko include performing in ceremonial dances (miko-mai) and assisting priests in wedding ceremonies. Today miko can be found at many Shinto shrines. Their duties include assisting with shrine events, performing dances and rituals, and fortune-telling.
It is somewhat difficult to assign a strict definition or English equivalent to the Japanse word "Miko", though "shrine maiden" is most often used. Other terms that have been used as equivalents are Prophet, Medium (as in Oracle), Priestess, Nun, or Sorceress.
Supposedly miko were virgins, though it is unlikely that this was true. It is probably true that when a woman who was serving as a miko married she abandoned her duties at the temple in order to be with her husband and new family.
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The traditional costume or dress of a miko is a chihaya, which consists of a scarlet red hakama (divided skirt), a white shirt with swinging sleeves, and tabi.
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In Fiction
Literature, manga, and anime often portray miko as a heroine who fights evil spirits, demons, and ghosts. In western RPGs, they are sometimes treated as rough equivalents to Classes such as Clerics and (occasionally) Holy Knights.
In such stories miko are generally described as being skilled in some variety of martial art or the use of a traditional Japanese weapon, such as yumi (longbow), tanto (knife), or any of the various Japanese swords: katana, wakizashi, etc. Miko were also attributed the ability to do magic, especially o-fuda.
In some romantic stories and bishoujo comedies, mikos are sometimes portrayed as attractive but overly serious and tempramental girls who are incapable of dealing with boys (such as fearing or outright hating them). However, in the anime series Inuyasha, the miko Kikyo did fall in love with the half-demon (hanyou)Inuyasha. She was known to be a miko with exceptional powers and was highly respected during her lifetime.
Kuro Miko
One recent trend in anime and manga is the Kuro Miko ("Black Miko", though more often translated as Dark Miko). A sort of evil counterpart to traditional miko, the kuro miko often serves a renegade priest or evil sorcerer (or may be one herself) and primarily is an antagonist to the miko. Like the miko, she is trained in similar arts and may have weapons skills. The kuro miko is often very versed at demonology and has a strong command of black magic.
While kuro miko also wear chihaya, the colors tend to be darker (two often used color schemes are black and purple, or black and gold). In some anime series, kuro miko wear masks while performing clerical duties, both for effect and to hide their identity.
Kuro miko do not exist in real-world Shinto.
Controversy
On June 2, 2004, the Daily Mainichi reported a sex scandal occurring between priests and miko at the Kasuga Shrine, one of Shintodom's most sacred shrines.[1] (http://mdn.mainichi.co.jp/waiwai/0406/0602kasuga.html)
External links
- Sex scandal brings gob-smacked shrine to its knees (http://mdn.mainichi.co.jp/waiwai/0406/0602kasuga.html) Daily Mainichi, June 2, 2004es:Miko