Lon L. Fuller
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Lon Louvois Fuller (1902-1978) is a noted legal philosopher, who wrote The Morality of Law in 1964, discussing the connection between law and morality.
Eight Routes of Failure for any Legal System
- The lack of rules or law, which leads to ad-hoc and inconsistent adjudication.
- Failure to publicize or make known the rules of law.
- Unclear or obscure legislation that is impossible to understand.
- Retroactive legislation.
- Contradictions in the law.
- Demands that are beyond the power of the subjects and the ruled.
- Unstable legislation (ex. daily revisions of laws).
- Divergence between adjudication/administration and legislation.
Fuller presents these problems with an imaginary tyrant named Rex. He argues that solutions to these problems are the internal moralities of law, not internal solutions of efficacy.