List of laws in science
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nl:Lijst van natuurwetten sl:seznam fizikalnih zakonov
This is a list of physical laws discovered by science.
- Boyle's Law (pressure and volume of ideal gas)
- Charles & Gay-Lussac (gases expand equally with the same change of temperature)
- Ideal Gas Law [PV=nRT]
- Dulong-Petit law (specific heat capacity at constant volume)
- <math> c_V = \frac{3R} {M}<math>
- <math> E = mc^2 <math> (Energy = mass × speed of light2)
- Laws of Kepler (planetary motion)
- Beer-Lambert (light absorption)
- Newton
- Newton's laws of motion (inertia, F = ma, action and reaction)
- Law of heat conduction
- General law of gravitation (universal gravitation force)
- <math> F_g = \frac{Gm_1m_2} {r^2} <math>
- <math> F = \frac{\left|q_1 q_2\right|}{4 \pi \epsilon_0 r^2} <math>
- <math> V = IR<math>
- Kirchhoff's circuit laws (current and voltage laws)
- Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
- Maxwell's equations (electric and magnetic fields):
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- <math>-\nabla p +
\mu \left( \nabla^2 \mathbf{u} + {1 \over 3} \nabla (\nabla \cdot \mathbf{u} ) \right) + \rho \mathbf{u} = \rho \left( { \partial\mathbf{u} \over \partial t} + \mathbf{u} \cdot \nabla \mathbf{u} \right) <math>
- Poiseuille's law (voluminal laminar stationary flow of incompressible uniform viscous liquid through a cylindrical tube with the constant circular cross-section)
- <math> \Phi_{V} = {\pi r^{4}\over 8 \eta} { \triangle p^{\star} \over l}<math>
- Radiation laws
- Planck's law of black body radiation (spectral density in a radiation of a black-body)
- Wien's law (wavelength of the peak of the emission of a black body) :λ0T = kw
- Stefan-Boltzmann law (total radiation from a black body)
- <math> j^{\star} = \sigma T^4<math>
- Thermodynamics
- Onsager reciprocal relations - sometimes called the Fourth Law of Thermodynamics
- <math> \mathbf{J}_{u} = L_{uu}\, \nabla(1/T) - L_{ur}\, \nabla(m/T) \!<math>; and
- <math> \mathbf{J}_{r} = L_{ru}\, \nabla(1/T) - L_{rr}\, \nabla(m/T) \!<math>.
- Buys-Ballot's law (wind travels counterclockwise around low pressure systems in the Northern Hemisphere)