List of Dukes of Parma
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The Duchy of Parma was a small Italian state between 1545 and 1802, and again from 1814 to 1860.
The Duke of Parma was also Duke of Piacenza, except for the first years of the rule of Ottavio Farnese (1549-1556), and the time of the Napoleonic Dukes of Parma and Piacenza, when the two were established as separate positions held by two individuals. The Duke of Parma also usually held the title of Duke of Guastalla from 1735 (when Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor took it from Mantua) to 1847 (when the territory was ceded to Modena), again, except for the Napoleonic dukes, when there was no Duke of Guastalla.
The position is currently held by a member of the Bourbon family, which also holds the Spanish throne. Therefore, the Duke of Parma is a legitimate (though not prime) claimant to the Kingdom of Spain; indeed, the current Duke of Parma, Carlos-Hugo, was a pretender to the Spanish throne in the 1970s (see Carlism).
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Farnese Dukes of Parma, 1545-1731
See also: Farnese
- Pier Luigi 1545-1547
- Ottavio 1547-1586
- Alessandro 1586-1592
- Ranuccio I 1592-1622
- Odoardo 1622-1646
- Ranuccio II 1646-1694
- Francesco 1694-1727
- Antonio 1727-1731
Bourbon Dukes of Parma, 1731-1735
See also: House of Bourbon; Bourbon family tree
- Charles I 1731-1735
Habsburg Dukes of Parma, 1735-1748
See also: Habsburg
- Emperor Charles VI 1735-1740
- Maria Theresa 1740-1748
Bourbon Dukes of Parma, 1748-1802
- Philip 1748-1765 (son of King Philip V of Spain)
- Ferdinand 1765-1802 (son of the preceding)
Napoleonic Dukes, 1808-1814
See also: Napoleon
- Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès, Duke of Parma 1808-1814
- Charles François Lebrun, Duke of Piacenza 1808-1814
These did not actually rule over the territory of Parma and Piacenza.
Habsburg Dukes of Parma, 1814-1847
- Maria Luisa 1814-1847
Bourbon Dukes of Parma, 1847-1860
Bourbon Dukes of Parma since 1860 (nominally)
- Roberto I 1860-1907
- Enrico 1907-1939 (son of preceding)
- Giuseppe 1939-1950 (younger brother of preceding)
- Elias 1950-1959 (younger brother of preceding)
- Roberto II 1959-1974 (son of preceding)
- Xavier 1974-1977 (half-uncle of preceding)
- Carlos Hugo 1977-present (son of preceding)fr:Liste des ducs de Parme
it:Elenco dei Duchi di Parma nl:Lijst van hertogen van Parma