Linaria
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For a small village in the prefecture of Ilia, see Linaria (Ilia), Greece
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| Missing image Toadflax-166f.jpg Linaria canadensis (Oldfield Toadflax) | ||||||||||||
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About 100 species, including: |
Linaria is a genus of about 100 species of herbaceous annuals and perennials that was traditionally placed in the foxglove family Scrophulariaceae. Due to new genetic research, it has now been placed in the vastly expanded family Plantaginaceae.
The members of this genus are known in English as toadflax. The scientific name means "resembling Linum" (flax), which the foliage of some species superficially resembles.
Species
Common_toadflax_600.jpg
Common Toadflax (Linaria vulgaris) is a European species which is widely introduced elsewhere. The yellow and orange flowers are seen in many waste places. The species is also known in some areas as "butter-and-eggs".
Oldfield toadflax (Linaria canadensis) is native to eastern North America, in southern Canada and the United States. It is a purple to blue, weedy species, which blooms early in the spring. It is an important nectar source for spring buildup of honeybees, because the plants are often so thick in fields, and they bloom so early.
Broomleaf toadflax (Linaria genistifolia) is another native of Southeast Europe that has become a weed in parts of North America.
Dalmatian toadflax (Linaria dalmatica), native to southeast Europe, has similar flowers, but the wider leaves are clasping. It is listed as an invasive species in many US states. Some authorities treat L. dalmatica as a subspecies of L. genistifolia.
Purple toadflax (Linaria purpurea) is native to the Mediterranean region, and is a popular garden plant, with erect stems to 1 m tall, with numerous dark purple flowers.
Pale toadflax (Linaria repens) from west Europe is similar to L. purpurea but has paler flowers.
Because Linaria species are toxic to livestock, these plants are regarded as noxious weeds.
Closely related species include the snapdragons (Antirrhinum) and the Ivy-leaved toadflax (Cymbalaria muralis).
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