Hirundinidae
|
|
- This article is about the bird, the swallow. For the village of Swallow in England, see Swallow, Lincolnshire
| Swallows and Martins | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Welcome Swallow | ||||||||||
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||
| ||||||||||
| Genera | ||||||||||
|
Many, see text. |
The bird family Hirundinidae is a group of passerines characterised by their adaptation to aerial feeding, and known as swallows and martins. The family comprises two subfamilies: Pseudochelidoninae (the river martins of the genus Pseudochelidon) and Hirundininae (all other swallows and martins). Within the Hirundiniae, the name martin tends to be used for the squarer-tailed species, and the name swallow for the more fork-tailed species; however, there is no scientific distinction between these two groups.
Their adaptations to hunting insects on the wing are a slender streamlined body, and long pointed wings. Like the unrelated swifts and nightjars, which hunt in a similar way, they have short bills, but a wide gape.
The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. Many species have long tails.
Subfamily Pseudochelidoninae (River martins)
- African River Martin Pseudochelidon eurystomina
- White-eyed River Martin Pseudochelidon sirintarae
Subfamily Hirundininae (all other swallows & martins)
- White-thighed Swallow Neochelidon fibialis
- Tawny-headed Swallow Alopochelidon fucata
- Southern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx ruficollis
- Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis
- Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor
- Mangrove Swallow Tachycineta albilinea
- White-winged Swallow Tachycineta albiventer
- Violet-green Swallow Tachycineta thalassina
- White-rumped Swallow Tachycineta leucorrhoa
- Chilean Swallow Tachycineta leucopyga
- Bahama Swallow Tachycineta cyaneoviridis
- Golden Swallow Tachycineta euchrysea
- Brown-bellied Swallow Notiochelidon murina
- Pale-footed Swallow Notiochelidon flavipes
- Black-capped Swallow Notiochelidon pileata
- Blue-and-white Swallow Notiochelidon cyanoleuca
- White-banded Swallow Atticora fasciata
- Black-collared Swallow Atticora melanoleuca
- Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera
- Purple Martin Progne subis
- Grey-breasted Martin Progne chalybea
- Caribbean Martin Progne dominicensis
- Southern Martin Progne modesta
- Brown-throated Sand Martin Riparia paludicola
- Sand Martin Riparia riparia
- Banded Martin Riparia cincta
- Congo Sand Martin Riparia congica
- Cameroon Mountain Rough-winged Swallow Psalidoprocne fuliginosa
- White-headed Rough-winged Swallow Psalidoprocne albiceps
- Black Rough-winged Swallow Psalidoprocne pristoptera
- Fanti Rough-winged Swallow Psalidoprocne obscura
- Square-tailed Rough-winged Swallow Psalidoprocne nitens
- White-backed Swallow Cheramoeca leucosternus
- Grey-rumped Swallow Pseudhirundo griseopyga
- Mascarene Martin Phedina borbonica
- Congo Martin Phedina brazzae
- Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris
- Rock Martin Ptyonoprogne fuligula
- Dusky Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne concolor
- Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica
- Red-chested Swallow Hirundo lucida
- Angolan Swallow Hirundo angolensis
- Pacific Swallow Hirundo tahitica
- Welcome Swallow Hirundo neoxena
- White-throated Swallow Hirundo albigularis
- Ethiopian Swallow Hirundo aethiopica
- Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii
- White-throated Blue Swallow Hirundo nigrita
- Pied-winged Swallow Hirundo leucosoma
- White-tailed Swallow Hirundo megaensis
- Pearl-breasted Swallow Hirundo dimidiata
- Blue Swallow Hirundo atrocaerulea
- Black-and-rufous Swallow Hirundo nigrorufa
- Greater Striped Swallow Hirundo cucullata
- Lesser Striped Swallow Hirundo abyssinica
- Rufous-chested Swallow Hirundo semirufa
- Mosque Swallow Hirundo senegalensis
- Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica
- Striated Swallow Hirundo striolata
- Preuss's Cliff Swallow Hirundo preussi
- Angolan Cliff Swallow Hirundo rufigula
- Andean Cliff Swallow Hirundo andecola
- Tree Martin Hirundo nigricans
- South African Cliff Swallow Hirundo spilodera
- Red Sea Swallow Hirundo perdita
- Cliff Swallow Hirundo pyrrhonota
- Cave Swallow Hirundo fulva
- Indian Cliff Swallow Hirundo fluvicola
- Fairy Martin Hirundo ariel
- Forest Cliff Swallow Hirundo fuliginosa
- House Martin Delichon urbica
- Asian House Martin Delichon dasypus
- Nepal House Martin Delichon nipalensis
See also
da:Svaler de:Schwalben eo:Hirundo ko:참새과 nl:Zwaluw pl:Jaskółkowate pt:Andorinha zh:燕科