DXCC
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The DXCC, or DX Century Club, is an award (and registered trademark) granted by ARRL, the American Radio Relay League, given for contacting and engaging in two way communications by means of amateur radio with other operators in at least 100 "entities". In the USA and its territories, an operator must be an ARRL member to receive the award.
Entities are usually, but not always, countries. For example, Hawaii is a separate entity due to its separation from the rest of the USA. See the DXCC Rules (http://www.arrl.org/awards/dxcc/rules.html#sii) for complete criteria.
Communication may be by voice, Morse code, or other modes such as RTTY. Separate awards and endorsements of the basic award are available for operating using specific modes or radio bands, such as using only amateur satellites (see AMSAT or OSCAR).
Full details (http://www.arrl.org/awards/dxcc/) are at ARRL HQ (http://www.arrl.org/).